Global Occurrence Reporting and Safety Data Sharing
ECCAIRS 2 is the aviation occurrence reporting and safety data management platform developed and maintained by the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA). It supports the structured collection, sharing and analysis of aviation safety occurrence data, enabling authorities to identify risks and improve safety performance.
While it is used by EU Member States to support European occurrence reporting systems, it is also implemented globally through the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), allowing non-EU States to manage accident and incident reporting in line with ICAO ADREP requirements and international safety standards.
Within the European Union, ECCAIRS 2 operates under the regulatory framework established by Regulation (EU) No 376/2014 on occurrence reporting. Outside the EU, the system is used by States in support of ICAO Annex 13 accident and incident reporting obligations and contributes to the implementation of State Safety Programmes under ICAO Annex 19 through ICAO-managed implementations. This page explains what ECCAIRS 2 is, how it is used within the European system, and how non-EU States can access and use the ICAO ECCAIRS 2 platform.
What is ECCAIRS 2?
EASA manages ECCAIRS 2 (European Co-ordination Centre for Accident and Incident Reporting Systems) on behalf of the European Commission.
ECCAIRS 2 is a modern, web-based platform that enables the structured collection, sharing and analysis of aviation safety occurrence data. It provides a harmonised reporting environment based on a common taxonomy, ensuring that safety information can be exchanged consistently across authorities and organisations.
The platform supports both mandatory and voluntary occurrence reporting and enables interoperability between national, regional and global safety databases.
ECCAIRS 2 for EU Member States
Within the European Union, ECCAIRS 2 supports Member States in meeting their obligations under EU occurrence reporting legislation – Regulation (EU) 376/2014.
For EU States, ECCAIRS 2 enables:
- Structured collection of safety occurrence data at national level.
- Secure transmission of data to the European Central Repository (ECR).
- A harmonised taxonomy to ensure data comparability.
- Trend monitoring and risk analysis at national and European level.
Through the aggregation of data in the ECR, Europe can identify systemic risks, monitor safety performance and support evidence-based safety actions across the aviation system.
ECCAIRS 2 for Non-EU States - Supporting Global Safety Through ICAO
The primary global dimension of ECCAIRS 2 is delivered through collaboration with ICAO.
Beyond accident and incident reporting under ICAO Annex 13, occurrence reporting systems such as ECCAIRS 2 also support the implementation of State Safety Programmes (SSP) as required under ICAO Annex 19 by providing structured safety data that can be used for risk monitoring and safety performance management.
ICAO has implemented its own ECCAIRS 2 platform to support States worldwide in fulfilling their occurrence reporting and accident/incident data sharing obligations, particularly in relation to the ICAO ADREP (Accident/Incident Data Reporting) system.
This ensures that States outside the European Union can access a modern, interoperable reporting environment aligned with international standards.
Implementation Options for Non-EU States
States outside the EU/ EASA Member States can adopt ECCAIRS 2 in different ways depending on their reporting needs, technical capability and existing safety data infrastructure. The system is designed to provide flexible implementation options so that States can progressively enhance their occurrence reporting capabilities while maintaining alignment with international standards.
The following options are available to non-EU States through collaboration with ICAO.
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Option 1 — ICAO ECCAIRS 2 Basic (Hosted by ICAO)
The Basic option is a centrally hosted ECCAIRS 2 solution provided by ICAO and is typically free of charge for participating States.
This option allows States to:
- Submit accident and incident reports directly to ICAO using the ADREP taxonomy
- Manage reporting activities through a web-based platform
- Assign national users and reporting roles
- Maintain a simple reporting capability without deploying their own national database
This approach is particularly suitable for States that:- have limited IT resources
- are starting to implement structured occurrence reporting systems
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need a straightforward way to comply with ICAO reporting obligations.
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Option 2 — Full ECCAIRS 2 Implementation (State Database)
States can implement their own national ECCAIRS 2 database to manage occurrence reporting and safety analysis domestically.
With this option, the State operates its own ECCAIRS 2 instance while maintaining interoperability with ICAO systems.
This allows authorities to:
- collect and manage occurrence data at national level
- support State Safety Programme (SSP) implementation
- conduct advanced safety analysis and trend monitoring
- exchange occurrence data with ICAO and other safety partners.
This option is typically used by States that wish to establish a comprehensive national safety data system.The deployment of a national ECCAIRS 2 instance is typically formalised through a Service Agreement with EASA covering system provision, system and taxonomy updates and technical support. This service involves an annual subscription fee based on a cost recovery for EASA.
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Option 3 — Integration with Existing National Systems
States that already operate their own proprietary safety reporting systems can integrate them with ECCAIRS 2 through system-to-system connectivity.
This option enables:
- automated data exchange between national systems and ECCAIRS 2
- alignment with the ECCAIRS / ADREP taxonomy
- continued use of existing national tools while maintaining international reporting compatibility.
Technical integration is achieved through ECCAIRS 2 APIs and data translation mechanisms.
Choosing the Right Approach
The flexibility of ECCAIRS 2 ensures that States can adopt the solution that best fits their operational and technical environment. Some States may begin with the ICAO hosted solution and later migrate to a full national implementation as their safety reporting systems evolve.
This scalable approach supports ICAO’s objective of strengthening global safety data sharing and ensuring that all States can contribute effectively to the international aviation safety system.
What to do Next?
States interested in adopting ECCAIRS 2 can follow different pathways depending on the implementation option selected.
For Option 1 (ICAO ECCAIRS 2 Basic) and Option 3 (Integration with Existing National Systems), States should coordinate directly with ICAO, which manages these implementations.
For Option 2 (Full ECCAIRS 2 Implementation – State Database), States may contact EASA by email to eccairs2 [at] easa.europa.eu (eccairs2[at]easa[dot]europa[dot]eu) to obtain further information regarding the conditions of the Service Agreement, the onboarding process, implementation timelines. EASA can also provide additional information on system capabilities and arrange demonstrations of the ECCAIRS 2 platform upon request.
Interoperability Between Europe and the Global System
Although EASA manages the European implementation, ECCAIRS 2 is built on internationally harmonised principles. The use of common taxonomies and data structures allows for:
- Consistent data exchange between EU and non-EU States
- Alignment with ICAO ADREP reporting requirements
- Improved global safety trend analysis
- Enhanced cooperation between regional and international safety bodies
This interoperability strengthens the global aviation safety system by ensuring that safety intelligence can flow efficiently across borders.
Supporting a Global Safety Culture
ECCAIRS 2 is more than a reporting tool — it is an enabler of proactive safety management. By facilitating consistent reporting and analysis at national, regional and international levels, it supports:
- Evidence-based decision-making
- Early identification of emerging risks
- Continuous improvement of safety performance
- Stronger collaboration between States
Supporting State Safety Programme (SSP) implementation in line with ICAO Annex 19 through safety data collection, analysis and safety performance monitoring. Through the partnership between EASA and ICAO, ECCAIRS 2 contributes to a safer, more connected global aviation system.