Skip to main content
Home
EASA Pro
European Union Aviation Safety Agency
Main menu Topbar
Menu
Skip to Content
Home
The Agency
The Agency
Annual Programmes & Reports
Agency Organisation Structure
The Executive Director
Executive Committee
Certification Directorate
Certification Director
Technical Organigram
Flight Standards Directorate
Flight Standards Director
Safety Management, Sustainability and Global Outreach Directorate
Safety Management, Sustainability and Global Outreach Director
Resources and Support Directorate
Resources and Support Director (Acting)
Chief Experts
EASA Member states
Management Board
Management Board Members
Management Board Observers
Management Board Meetings
Management Board Decisions
Advisory Bodies
Board of Appeal
Events impacting aviation
Brexit
Brexit - Early applications
COVID-19
Aviation Industry Charter for COVID-19
EASA COVID-19 Resources
COVID-19 Travel Information
References
Restrictive measures – Russia
Notice to Stakeholders
Careers
Procurement
Calls for expression of interest
Aviation training on innovative domains
Development of Safety Promotion Content
Independent External Experts
Calls for tender
Market consultations
Accreditation of Qualified Entities
Frequently Asked Questions
Using the FAQ
The Agency
EU restrictive measures against Russia
Common Issues
Design certificates and design organisation approvals
Production organisations
Aircraft maintenance and continuing airworthiness
Training and licensing of maintenance personnel
Aircrew training and licensing
Aircraft operations
EASA TCO authorisations
Operation of unmanned aircraft
ATM/ANS
Brexit
Regulations
Basic Regulation
Initial Airworthiness
Instructions for Continued Airworthiness (ICA)
Additional Airworthiness specifications
Continuing Airworthiness
COVID-19 - Continuing Airworthiness
Interpretation and policy papers
Continuing airworthiness - General
Bilateral Agreement (BASA)
Part-M
Part-145
Part-147
Air Operations
Air Operations - General
Dangerous Goods
Definitions
Helicopter operations
Part-ARO
Part-CAT
Part-NCC/NCO
Part-ORO
ORO.GEN
ORO.MLR
ORO.FTL
Part-SPA
Part-SPO
Passenger Safety
Special Categories of Passengers (SCPs)
Aircrew
Operational Suitability Data (OSD) for flight crew (FC)
Licensing
Upset Prevention and Recovery Training
Performance-based Navigation applicability
Cabin Crew
Medical
Flight Simulation Training Devices (FSTD)
ATCO Licensing
Air traffic management (ATM) / Air Navigation Services (ANS)
ATM Basics
ATM/ANS Specifics
DAT
Air Traffic Management / Air Navigation Services (ATM/ANS) ground equipment
Application for DPO
Classification or notification of changes
Acceptance of approvals issued by third countries
Categorisation of systems or equipment
Categorisation of software
Commercial off the shelf (COTS) systems or equipment
Cloud-based architectures
Development Assurance for Software or Hardware
Non-compliance
Partnership Agreements
Registry of certificates, statements of compliance, defects
Scope/Applicability
Means of compliance (MOC)
Conformity assessment during the transition period
Implementation support to stakeholders
Airspace Usage requirements
Airspace Usage Requirement (ACAS II v7.1)
Airspace Usage requirements – DLS/CPDLC
Airspace requirements – SPI
Airspace Usage Requirements (PBN)
Aerodromes (ADR)
Drones (UAS)
Provisions applicable to both ‘open’ and ’specific’ category
Open category
Specific category
Drones with class identification label C0-C6
Model aircraft
Third-Country Operators (TCO)
Third Country Operators - General
Applications for TCO a Authorisation
Applicability
One-off notification flights
Technical Issues
Level of Involvement
Information Security (Part-IS)
Airworthiness Directives (ADs)
Acceptable Means of Compliance (AMC) and Alternative Means of Compliance (AltMoC)
Alternative Method of Compliance (AMOC) to an Airworthiness Directive (AD)
Certification Support for Validation (CSV)
Design Organisations
Direct accreditation of Qualified Entities
ETSO
EWIS ICA requirements
ADS-B certification
Fees & charges
General Aviation
International cooperation
Recruitment
Certification of products and organisations
Cybersecurity (General)
Rotorcraft
Safety Publications (SP) Tool
Occurrence Reporting
Confidential Safety Reporting
Cargo Tracking Devices
Passengers
Supplemental Type Certificates
EASA Air Operator Certificate (AOC)
Contacts & Locations
Newsroom & Events
News
Events
Current & upcoming events
Past events
Event Proceedings
Press releases
Connect with us
Press contacts
Domains
Aerodromes
Aerodromes home
Relevant legislation for Aerodromes
News
Events
Event Proceedings
Regulations
Easy Access Rules
Air Operations
Air Operations home
Air Operations - General
Conflict Zones Information
Information Sharing Platform on Conflict Zones
Conflict Zone Information Bulletins (CZIBs)
Dangerous Goods
Non-commercial operations with complex motor-powered aircraft (NCC)
Specialised Operations (SPO)
Ramp Inspection Programmes (SAFA/SACA)
Third-Country Operators (TCO)
Air operator certificate (AOC)
Travelling with children
Weather Information to Pilots
Special Categories of Passengers (SCPs)
News
Events
Event Proceedings
Regulations
Easy Access Rules
Air Traffic Management
Air Traffic Management home
Relevant legislation for ATM/ANS
ATM/ANS & ATCO Training Organisation and DPO approvals
ATM/ANS Equipment Attestation
Transition to PBN operations
Air traffic controller (ATCO) fatigue
News
Events
Event Proceedings
Regulations
Easy Access Rules
Aircraft & products
Aircraft & products home
Aircraft certification
Airworthiness Directives
Alternative Procedures to Design Organisation Approval (ADOA)
Continuing Airworthiness Organisations
Aircraft type ratings for Part-66 aircraft maintenance licence
EASA Part-145 Organisations located in Brazil
EASA Part-145 Organisations located in Canada
EASA Part-145 Organisations located in the USA
Foreign Part 145 Organisations
Foreign Part 147 Organisations
Part-CAMO & Part-CAO
Design Organisations
Design Organisations Approvals
Ageing Aircraft Structures
ETSO
List of all (current & historic) ETSOs
International Maintenance Review Board Policy Board (IMRBPB)
Manufacturer Scheduled Maintenance Requirements
Permit to fly
Production Organisations Approvals
Suspected Unapproved Parts
Background
News
Events
Event Proceedings
Regulations
Easy Access Rules
Aircrew & Medical
Aircrew & Medical home
Flight Crew Licensing
Evidence-Based Training (EBT)
Medical
European Aero-Medical Repository (EAMR)
Approved Training Organisations (ATOs)
European Central Question Bank (ECQB)
Flight Simulation Training Devices (FSTDs)
News
Events
Event Proceedings
Regulations
Easy Access Rules
Drones & Air Mobility
Drones & Air Mobility home
Drones & Air Mobility Landscape
Innovative Air Mobility (IAM) Hub
Basics explained
Innovative Air Mobility and Services
Benefits
Air Transport by VTOL-capable aircraft
Urban Air Mobility (UAM)
Role of cities
Hamburg
Helsinki
Torsby
Trondheim, Lillehammer
Noise & Sustainability
Environmental Footprint Aviation Study
IAM for City Transport Ecosystems
IAM for Sustainability Planning
Financing IAM and Services
Drone Community Engagement
Drones & eVTOL Designs
Drones for EU Operations
Operating a drone
Open Category — Low Risk
Specific Category — Medium Risk
Operational Authorisation
Standard Scenario (STS)
Predefined Risk Assessment (PDRA)
Specific Operations Risk Assessment (SORA)
Critical Area Assessment Tool (CAAT)
Light UAS operator Certificate (LUC)
Design verification report
Operations in the specific category in a state different from the one of registration
Forms
Certified Category — High Risk
Flying in your country — National Aviation Authorities
Flying in your country — Statistics
Flying in your country — Population density
Flying in your country — Geo Zones
Flying during major events
Rules & Standards
Drone Regulatory System
Privacy
Case Studies
Inspecting Infrastructure
Mapping
At an event
Filming a historical/cultural site
Rescue mission
Providing Internet or other wireless services
Code of Conduct
Data Protection Impact Assessment
Privacy by Design
Privacy Handbook
Privacy Impact Assessment Checklist
Insurance
Insurance Checklist
FAQ
News
Events
Event Proceedings
Regulations
Easy Access Rules
Cybersecurity
Cybersecurity home
Overview
Main EASA activities
Part-IS Training
News
Events
Event Proceedings
Regulations
Easy Access Rules
General Aviation
General Aviation home
GA ROAD MAP
Overview
Part-21 Light - Making Design & Manufacturing Easier
The new CS-23 – smart and flexible rules that support innovation
GA Talking points
Simpler and lighter rules for Balloons and Sailplanes
Simpler and lighter rules for GA pilot training
Simpler and lighter rules for GA maintenance
GA TOOLBOX
Documents Guidance and Examples
Licensing for General Aviation
Operations in General Aviation
Cost-Shared flights
GA Leaflets: Flying in the EU
FLYING SAFELY
Airspace Infringement
Coping with weather — VFR2IMC
Preventing mid-air collisions — ADS-L and ¡Conspicuity
Loss of Control (LOC-I)
Loss of Control (LOC-I) in Approach and Landing
Loss of Control (LOC-I) at Take-Off
Sunny Swift: Flight instructor
News
Events
Event Proceedings
Regulations
Easy Access Rules
Environment
Environment home
European Aviation Environmental Report
Downloads - Reports and Data
Chapters
Executive Summary
Recommendations
Introduction
European policy
Overview of Aviation Sector
Air traffic
Noise
Emissions
Environmental efficiency
Figures and Tables
Aviation Environmental Impacts
Climate Change
Aviation Adaptation and Resilience to Climate Change
Air Quality
Noise
Additional environmental pressures
Figures and Tables
Technology and Design
Aircraft environmental standards
Aircraft engine environmental standards
Low carbon emissions aircraft
Electric propulsion
Hydrogen-powered Aircraft
Alliance for Zero Emission Aviation
Supersonic aircraft
General Aviation Sustainability Roadmap
Research and Innovation Programmes
Figures and Tables
Air Traffic Management and Operations
Single European Sky
SES environmental performance and targets
Operational performance indicators
SESAR: Towards the digital European sky
SESAR Research and Development
SESAR Deployment
Figures and Tables
Airports
Environmental Protection Regulatory Framework
Aircraft performance at European airports
Airport Measures
Aircraft Operations
Airport Infrastructure
Net Zero CO
2
Emissions
Figures and Tables
Sustainable Aviation Fuels
SAF Developments
What are Sustainable Aviation Fuels?
How ‘sustainable’ are SAF?
SAF Policy Actions
SAF Market
Figures and Tables
Market-Based Measures
EU Emissions Trading System
Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA)
Sustainable Finance and Energy Taxation Initiatives
Figures and Tables
International Cooperation
Why International Cooperation?
Main Areas of Collaboration
CORSIA Implementation
State Action Plan for CO
2
Emissions Reduction
SAF Development
Environmental Management Systems for Airports
Global Gateway
Aviation Environmental Project Coordination Group (AEPCG)
Figures and Tables
List of Resources
Data Sources, Models and Assumptions
Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF)
ReFuelEU Aviation
EU SAF Market Report
Flight Emissions Label (FEL)
Smart environmental standards
Innovative certification
EASA Aeroplane CO
2
Emissions Database
EASA Certification Noise Levels
EASA Part-21 Light Database of Declared Noise Levels
ICAO Aircraft Engine Emissions Databank
Policy support & research
Balanced Approach Regulation
Aircraft Noise & Performance (ANP) Data
ANP aircraft substitutions
ANP legacy data
Aircraft Noise Certificate or Equivalent Noise Documentation (ANC) Data
EU Taxonomy for Sustainable Activities
Impact assessment tools
REACH and Aviation
News
Events
Event Proceedings
Regulations
Easy Access Rules
International cooperation
International cooperation home
EASA by Country
International cooperation
Cooperation with ICAO
Regional Safety Oversight Organisations (RSOOs)
Technical cooperation
Technical Cooperation Projects
Worldwide initiatives
News
Events
Event Proceedings
Regulations
Easy Access Rules
Safety Management & Promotion
Safety Management & Promotion home
Accident and incident investigation support
Legal and regulatory framework
Safety Recommendations
Aviation Safety Reporting
Aviation Safety Reporting for Organisations
Aviation Safety Reporting for Individuals
Legal framework
Protection of information sources
Aviation Training at EASA
Safety Risk Management
DATA4SAFETY
Safety Promotion
European Operators Flight Data Monitoring (EOFDM)
EASA FDM Conference
Safety Promotion Network (SPN)
European Safety Promotion Network Rotorcraft (ESPN-R)
Safety Promotion Initiatives
Safety Management System (SMS)
SMS - EASA Rules
SMS - Europe
SMS - International
European Plan for Aviation Safety (EPAS)
Managing the impact of climate change on aviation 139778
Volcanic Ash
News
Events
Event Proceedings
Research & Innovation
Research & Innovation home
Research & Innovation
Aviation Authorities’ Research Agenda
Research projects
Research reports
Innovation Services
AI Roadmap
EASA Scientific Committee (SciCom)
News
Events
Event Proceedings
Rotorcraft & VTOL
Rotorcraft & VTOL home
Vertical Take-Off & Landing
News
Events
Event Proceedings
Regulations
Easy Access Rules
Urban Air Mobility (UAM)
News
Events
Event Proceedings
Regulations
Easy Access Rules
Regulations
Basic Regulation
Initial Airworthiness
Additional Airworthiness Specifications
Continuing Airworthiness
Aircrew
Air Operations
Balloons – Air Operations
Sailplanes – Air Operations
Third-Country Operators (TCO)
Air Traffic Management/Air Navigation Services (ATM/ANS) — Provision of Services
Air Traffic Management/Air Navigation Services (ATM/ANS) — Equipment
Air Traffic Controllers (ATCO)
Airspace Usage Requirements (AUR)
Standardised European Rules of the Air (SERA)
Aerodromes (ADR)
Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS)
U-space
Information Security (IS)
Repository of Information
Ground Handling
Other Regulations on the functioning of EASA
Regulations in the area of aviation safety not stemming from the EASA Basic Regulation
Other Regulations in the area of civil aviation relating to environmental protection, not stemming from the EASA Basic Regulation
Document Library
Application Services
Overview Applicant Services
Innovation Services
Application Forms
FAQ's
Approval Data Library
Rulemaking Process
Overview
Rulemaking explained
Rulemaking proposals
Rulemaking programmes
Terms of Reference (ToR) and Rulemaking Group Composition (RMG)
ToRs and GCs information
Notices of Proposed Amendment (NPA)
Focused consultations
Opinions
Opinions information
Comment Response Documents (CRD)
Comment Response Documents information
Agency Decisions
Overview
Agency Decisions
Acceptable Means of Compliance (AMC) and Guidance Material (GM)
Information on Alternative Means of Compliance (AltMoC)
Certification Specifications (CSs) / Detailed Specifications (DSs)
Decisions other than rulemaking
Certification activities
Executive activities
Finance & Business activities
Regulations
Regulations
Regulation (EU) 2018/1139
Aerodromes traffic exemptions
Flexibility provisions
Opt-In Article 2(6)
Opt-Out Article 2(8) to 2(11)
Agency Measures
Mutual recognition
Opt-out from Regulations
Public Consultations
Product Certification Consultations and Publications
Certification Memoranda
Design Organisation Consultations
Product Certification
Overview
Certification Procedures
Type Certificate Data Sheets (TCDS)
Approved Noise Levels
Certification Information
Product Lists
Type Certificate Data Sheets for Noise (TCDSN)
Supplemental Type Certificates
Specific Airworthiness Specifications (SAS)
Specific Airworthiness Specifications
Operational Suitability Data (OSD) Master Minimum Equipment List (MMEL)
List of IMRBPB - IP
ICAO Aircraft Engine Emissions Databank
TypeRatings and Licence endorsement lists
International Cooperation
Overview
Bilateral agreements
Working arrangements
Publications
Overview
European Plan for Aviation Safety
Annual Activity Report
Safety Reports
Annual Safety Review
Annual Safety Recommendations
Safety Promotion
Aviation Medicine
Commercial Air Transport
General Aviation
General Aviation Leaflet
Sunny Swift
Helicopter
Drones
General publications
Newsletter - On Air archive
EASA Brochure
Evaluation of technical activities
Technical publications - Easy Access Rules
Miscellaneous Papers & Reports
Research reports
Event Proceedings
Can We Help You?
Search
Apps
EASA Pro
EASA Light
EASA Community Network
Main menu
Home
The Agency
The Agency
EASA Member States
Management Board
Advisory Bodies
Board of Appeal
Brexit
COVID-19
Restrictive measures – Russia
Careers
Procurement
Accreditation of Qualified Entities
Frequently Asked Questions
Contacts & Locations
Newsroom & Events
News
Events
Press contacts
Press releases
Connect with us
Domains
Aerodromes
Air Operations
Air Traffic Management
Aircraft & products
Aircrew & Medical
Drones & Air Mobility
Cybersecurity
Environment
General Aviation
International Cooperation
Safety Management & Promotion
Research & Innovation
Rotorcraft & VTOL
Regulations
Basic Regulation
Initial Airworthiness
Additional Airworthiness Specifications
Continuing Airworthiness
Aircrew
Air Operations
Balloons – Air Operations
Sailplanes – Air Operations
Third Country Operators (TCO)
Air Traffic Management/Air Navigation Services (ATM/ANS) — Provision of Services
Air Traffic Management/Air Navigation Services (ATM/ANS) — Equipment
Air Traffic Controllers (ATCO)
Airspace Usage Requirements (AUR)
Standardised European Rules of the Air (SERA)
Aerodromes (ADR)
Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS)
U-space
Information Security (IS)
Repository of Information
Ground Handling
Other Regulations on the functioning of EASA
Regulations in the area of aviation safety not stemming from the EASA Basic Regulation
Other Regulations in the area of civil aviation relating to environmental protection, not stemming from the EASA Basic Regulation
Document Library
Application Forms
Approval Data Library
Regulations
Agency Decisions
Rulemaking Process
Public Consultations
Product Certification
International cooperation
Publications
Research Reports
Event Proceedings
Can We Help You?
FAQ Knowledge Base
Contact us
Aviation Safety Reporting
You are here
Home
Document Library
Rulemaking Process
Comment Response Documents (CRD)
CRD 2016-18
CRD 2016-18
Prediction of wind shear for aeroplanes performing commercial air transport operations
30 Aug 2017
Downloads
Read More
Downloads
[pdf]
CRD 2016-18
Read More
Related NPA(s)
NPA 2016-18
