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AMC1.2 CAT.IDE.A.190 Flight data recorder
ED Decision 2021/005/R
OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS FOR AEROPLANES FIRST ISSUED WITH AN INDIVIDUAL CofA ON OR AFTER 1 JANUARY 2023
(a)The operational performance requirements for FDRs should be those laid down in EUROCAE Document 112A (Minimum Operational Performance Specification for Crash Protected Airborne Recorder Systems) dated September 2013, or any later equivalent standard produced by EUROCAE.
(b)The FDR should, with reference to a timescale, record:
(1)the list of parameters in Table 1 below;
(2)the additional parameters listed in Table 2 below, when the information data source for the parameter is used by aeroplane systems or is available on the instrument panel for use by the flight crew to operate the aeroplane; and
(3)any dedicated parameters related to novel or unique design or operational characteristics of the aeroplane as determined by the Agency.
(c)The parameters to be recorded should meet the performance specifications (range, sampling intervals, accuracy limits and resolution in read-out) as defined in the relevant tables of EUROCAE Document 112A, or any later equivalent standard produced by EUROCAE.
Table 1: FDR — All aeroplanes
No* | Parameter |
1a 1b 1c | Time; or Relative time count Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) time synchronisation |
2 | Pressure altitude (including altitude values displayed on each flight crew member’s primary flight display, unless the aeroplane is type certified before 1 January 2023 and recording the values displayed at the captain position or the first officer position would require extensive modification) |
3 | Indicated airspeed or calibrated airspeed (including values of indicated airspeed or calibrated airspeed displayed on each flight crew member’s primary flight display, unless the aeroplane is type certified before 1 January 2023 and recording the values displayed at the captain position or the first officer position would require extensive modification) |
4 | Heading (primary flight crew reference) — when true or magnetic heading can be selected as the primary heading reference, a discrete indicating selection should be recorded. |
5 | Normal acceleration |
6 | Pitch attitude — pitch attitude values displayed on each flight crew member’s primary flight display should be recorded, unless the aeroplane is type certified before 1 January 2023 and recording the values displayed at the captain position or the first officer position would require extensive modification. |
7 | Roll attitude — roll attitude values displayed on each flight crew member’s primary flight display should be recorded, unless the aeroplane is type certified before 1 January 2023 and recording the values displayed at the captain position or the first officer position would require extensive modification. |
8 | Manual radio transmission keying and CVR/FDR synchronisation reference |
9 9a 9b | Engine thrust/power: Parameters required to determine propulsive thrust/power on each engine, in both normal and reverse thrust Flight crew compartment thrust/power lever position (for aeroplanes with non-mechanically linked engine controls in the flight crew compartment) |
14 | Total or outside air temperature |
16 | Longitudinal acceleration (body axis) |
17 | Lateral acceleration |
18 18a 18b 18c | Primary flight control surface and/or primary flight control pilot input (For aeroplanes with control systems in which the movement of a control surface will back drive the pilot’s control, ‘or’ applies. For aeroplanes with control systems in which the movement of a control surface will not back drive the pilot’s control, ‘and’ applies. For multiple or split surfaces, a suitable combination of inputs is acceptable in lieu of recording each surface separately. For aeroplanes that have a flight control break-away capability that allows either pilot to operate the controls independently, record both inputs): Pitch axis Roll axis Yaw axis |
19 | Pitch trim surface position |
23 | Marker beacon passage |
24 | Warnings — In addition to the master warning, each ‘red’ warning that cannot be determined from other parameters or from the CVR and each smoke warning from other compartments should be recorded. |
25 | Each navigation receiver frequency selection |
27 | Air–ground status. Air–ground status and a sensor of each landing gear if installed |
* The number in the left-hand column reflects the serial number depicted in EUROCAE Document 112A.
Table 2: FDR — Aeroplanes for which the data source for the parameter is either used by the aeroplane systems or is available on the instrument panel for use by the flight crew to operate the aeroplane
No* | Parameter |
10 10a 10b | Flaps: Trailing edge flap position Flight crew compartment control selection |
11 11a 11b | Slats: Leading edge flap (slat) position Flight crew compartment control selection |
12 | Thrust reverse status |
13 13a 13b 13c 13d | Ground spoiler and speed brake: Ground spoiler position Ground spoiler selection Speed brake position Speed brake selection |
15 | Autopilot, autothrottle and automatic flight control system (AFCS): mode and engagement status (showing which systems are engaged and which primary modes are controlling the flight path and speed of the aircraft) |
20 | Radio altitude. For auto-land/category III operations, each radio altimeter should be recorded. |
21 21a 21b 21c | Vertical deviation — the approach aid in use should be recorded. For auto-land/category III operations, each system should be recorded: ILS/GPS/GLS glide path MLS elevation Integrated approach navigation (IAN) /Integrated Area Navigation (IRNAV), vertical deviation |
22 22a 22b 22c | Horizontal deviation — the approach aid in use should be recorded. For auto-land/category III operations, each system should be recorded: ILS/GPS/GLS localiser MLS azimuth GNSS approach path/IRNAV lateral deviation |
26 26a 26b | Distance measuring equipment (DME) 1 and 2 distances: Distance to runway threshold (GLS) Distance to missed approach point (IRNAV/IAN) |
28 28a 28b 28c | Ground proximity warning system (GPWS)/terrain awareness warning system (TAWS)/ground collision avoidance system (GCAS) status — a suitable combination of discretes unless recorder capacity is limited in which case a single discrete for all modes is acceptable: Selection of terrain display mode, including pop-up display status Terrain alerts, including cautions and warnings and advisories On/off switch position |
29 | Angle of attack |
30 30a 30b | Low pressure warning (each system ): Hydraulic pressure Pneumatic pressure |
31 | Ground speed |
32 32a 32b | Landing gear: Landing gear position Gear selector position |
33 33a 33b 33c 33d 33e 33f | Navigation data: Drift angle Wind speed Wind direction Latitude Longitude GNSS augmentation in use |
34 34a 34b | Brakes: Left and right brake pressure Left and right brake pedal position |
35 35a 35b 35c 35d 35e 35f 35g 35h 35i | Additional engine parameters (if not already recorded in parameter 9 of Table 1, and if the aeroplane is equipped with a suitable data source): Engine pressure ratio (EPR) N1 Indicated vibration level N2 Exhaust gas temperature (EGT) Fuel flow Fuel cut-off lever position N3 Engine fuel metering valve position (or equivalent parameter from the system that directly controls the flow of fuel into the engine) – for aeroplanes type certified before 1 January 2023, to be recorded only if this does not require extensive modification. |
36 36a 36b 36c 36d 36e | Traffic alert and collision avoidance system (TCAS)/airborne collision avoidance system (ACAS) — a suitable combination of discretes should be recorded to determine the status of the system: Combined control Vertical control Up advisory Down advisory Sensitivity level |
37 | Wind shear warning |
38 38a 38b | Selected barometric setting — to be recorded for the aeroplane where the parameter is displayed electronically: Pilot selected barometric setting Co-pilot selected barometric setting |
39 | Selected altitude (all pilot selectable modes of operation) — to be recorded for the aeroplane where the parameter is displayed electronically |
40 | Selected speed (all pilot selectable modes of operation) — to be recorded for the aeroplane where the parameter is displayed electronically |
41 | Selected Mach (all pilot selectable modes of operation) — to be recorded for the aeroplane where the parameter is displayed electronically |
42 | Selected vertical speed (all pilot selectable modes of operation) — to be recorded for the aeroplane where the parameter is displayed electronically |
43 | Selected heading (all pilot selectable modes of operation) — to be recorded for the aeroplane where the parameter is displayed electronically |
44 44a 44b 44c | Selected flight path (all pilot selectable modes of operation) — to be recorded for the aeroplane where the parameter is displayed electronically: Course/desired track (DSTRK) Path angle Coordinates of final approach path (IRNAV/IAN) |
45 | Selected decision height — to be recorded for the aeroplane where the parameter is displayed electronically |
46 46a 46b | Electronic flight instrument system (EFIS) display format, showing the display system status: Pilot Co-pilot |
47 | Multi-function/engine/alerts display format, showing the display system status |
48 | Alternating current (AC) electrical bus status — each bus |
49 | Direct current (DC) electrical bus status — each bus |
50 | Engine bleed valve(s) position |
51 | Auxiliary power unit (APU) bleed valve(s) position |
52 | Computer failure — all critical flight and engine control systems |
53 | Engine thrust command |
54 | Engine thrust target |
55 | Computed centre of gravity (CG) |
56 | Fuel quantity in CG trim tank |
57 | Head-up display in use |
58 | Paravisual display on |
59 | Operational stall protection, stick shaker and pusher activation |
60 60a 60b 60c 60d 60e 60f | Primary navigation system reference: GNSS Inertial navigational system (INS) VHF omnidirectional radio range (VOR)/distance measuring equipment (DME) MLS Loran C ILS |
61 | Ice detection |
62 | Engine warning — each engine vibration |
63 | Engine warning — each engine over temperature |
64 | Engine warning — each engine oil pressure low |
65 | Engine warning — each engine overspeed |
66 | Yaw trim surface position |
67 | Roll trim surface position |
68 | Yaw or sideslip angle |
69 | De-icing and/or anti-icing systems selection |
70 | Hydraulic pressure — each system |
71 | Loss of cabin pressure |
72 | Trim control input position in the flight crew compartment, pitch — when mechanical means for control inputs are not available, displayed trim position or trim command should be recorded. |
73 | Trim control input position in the flight crew compartment, roll — when mechanical means for control inputs are not available, displayed trim position or trim command should be recorded. |
74 | Trim control input position in the flight crew compartment, yaw — when mechanical means for control inputs are not available, displayed trim position or trim command should be recorded. |
75 75a 75b 75c | All flight control input forces (for fly-by-wire flight control systems, where control surface position is a function of the displacement of the control input device only, it is not necessary to record this parameter): Control wheel input forces Control column input forces Rudder pedal input forces |
76 | Event marker |
77 | Date |
78 | Actual navigation performance (ANP) or estimate of position error (EPE) or estimate of position uncertainty (EPU) |
79 | Cabin pressure altitude – for aeroplanes type certified before 1 January 2023, to be recorded only if this does not require extensive modification |
80 | Aeroplane computed weight – for aeroplanes type certified before 1 January 2023, to be recorded only if this does not require extensive modification |
81 81a 81b 81c 81d | Flight director command: Left flight director pitch command – for aeroplanes type certified before 1 January 2023, to be recorded only if this does not require extensive modification Left flight director roll command – for aeroplanes type certified before 1 January 2023, to be recorded only if this does not require extensive modification Right flight director pitch command – for aeroplanes type certified before 1 January 2023, to be recorded only if this does not require extensive modification Right flight director roll command – for aeroplanes type certified before 1 January 2023, to be recorded only if this does not require extensive modification |
82 | Vertical speed – for aeroplanes type certified before 1 January 2023, to be recorded only if this does not require extensive modification |
* The number in the left-hand column reflects the serial number depicted in EUROCAE Document 112A.
AMC2 CAT.IDE.A.190 Flight data recorder
ED Decision 2022/012/R
OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS FOR AEROPLANES FIRST ISSUED WITH AN INDIVIDUAL CofA ON OR AFTER 1 APRIL 1998 AND BEFORE 1 JANUARY 2016
(a)The operational performance requirements for FDRs should be those laid down in EUROCAE Document ED-55 (Minimum Operational Performance Requirements For Flight Data Recorder Systems) dated May 1990, or EUROCAE Document ED-112 (Minimum Operational Performance Specification for Crash Protected Airborne Recorder Systems) dated March 2003, including amendments No 1 and No°2, or any later equivalent standard produced by EUROCAE.
(b)The FDR should record, with reference to a timescale:
(1)the parameters listed in Table 1a or Table 1b below, as applicable;
(2)the additional parameters listed in Table 2 below, for those aeroplanes with an MCTOM exceeding 27 000 kg;
(3)any dedicated parameters relating to novel or unique design or operational characteristics of the aeroplane as determined by the competent authority; and
(4)the additional parameters listed in Table 3 below, for those aeroplanes equipped with electronic display systems.
(c)The FDR of aeroplanes first issued with an individual CofA before 20 August 2002 and equipped with an electronic display system does not need to record those parameters listed in Table 3 for which:
(1)the sensor is not available;
(2)the aeroplane system or equipment generating the data needs to be modified; or
(3)the signals are incompatible with the recording system;
(d)The FDR of aeroplanes first issued with an individual CofA on or after 1 April 1998 but not later than 1 April 2001 is not required to comply with (b) above if:
(1)compliance with (a) cannot be achieved without extensive modification to the aeroplane system and equipment other than the flight recording system; and
(2)the FDR of the aeroplane can comply with AMC4 CAT.IDE.A.190(a) except that parameter 15b in Table 1 of AMC4 CAT.IDE.A.190 need not be recorded.
(e)The parameters to be recorded should meet, as far as practicable, the performance specifications (ranges, sampling intervals, accuracy limits, and resolution in read-out) defined in Table 1 of AMC3 CAT.IDE.A.190.
(f)For aeroplanes with novel or unique design or operational characteristics, the additional parameters should be those required in accordance with applicable Certification Specifications during type or supplemental certification or validation.
(g)If recording capacity is available, as many as possible of the additional parameters specified in table II-A.1 of EUROCAE Document ED 112 dated March 2003 should be recorded.
Table 1a
FDR — Aeroplanes with an MCTOM of more than 5 700 kg
No | Parameter |
1 | Time or relative time count |
2 | Pressure altitude |
3 | Indicated airspeed or calibrated airspeed |
4 | Heading |
5 | Normal acceleration |
6 | Pitch attitude |
7 | Roll attitude |
8 | Manual radio transmission keying |
9 | Propulsive thrust/power on each engine and flight crew compartment thrust/power lever position if applicable |
10 | Trailing edge flap or flight crew compartment control selection |
11 | Leading edge flap or flight crew compartment control selection |
12 | Thrust reverse status |
13 | Ground spoiler position and/or speed brake selection |
14 | Total or outside air temperature |
15 | Autopilot, autothrottle and AFCS mode and engagement status |
16 | Longitudinal acceleration (body axis) |
17 | Lateral acceleration |
Table 1b
FDR — Aeroplanes with an MCTOM 5 700 kg or below
No | Parameter |
1 | Time or relative time count |
2 | Pressure altitude |
3 | Indicated airspeed or calibrated airspeed |
4 | Heading |
5 | Normal acceleration |
6 | Pitch attitude |
7 | Roll attitude |
8 | Manual radio transmission keying |
9 | Propulsive thrust/power on each engine and flight crew compartment thrust/power lever position if applicable |
10 | Trailing edge flap or flight crew compartment control selection |
11 | Leading edge flap or flight crew compartment control selection |
12 | Thrust reverse status |
13 | Ground spoiler position and/or speed brake selection |
14 | Total or outside air temperature |
15 | Autopilot/autothrottle engagement status |
16 | Longitudinal acceleration (body axis) |
17 | Angle of attack (if a suitable sensor is available) |
Table 2
FDR — Additional parameters for aeroplanes with an MCTOM of more than 27 000 kg
No | Parameter |
18 | Primary flight controls — control surface position and/or pilot input (pitch, roll, yaw) |
19 | Pitch trim position |
20 | Radio altitude |
21 | Vertical beam deviation (ILS or GLS glide path or MLS elevation) |
22 | Horizontal beam deviation (ILS localiser or GLS lateral deviation or MLS azimuth) |
23 | Marker beacon passage |
24 | Warnings |
25 | Reserved (navigation receiver frequency selection or GLS channel is recommended) |
26 | Reserved (DME or GLS distance is recommended) |
27 | Landing gear squat switch status or air/ground status |
28 | Ground proximity warning system |
29 | Angle of attack |
30 | Low pressure warning (hydraulic and pneumatic power) |
31 | Groundspeed |
32 | Landing gear or gear selector position |
Table 3
FDR — Aeroplanes equipped with electronic display systems
No | Parameter |
33 | Selected barometric setting (each pilot station) |
34 | Selected altitude |
35 | Selected speed |
36 | Selected Mach |
37 | Selected vertical speed |
38 | Selected heading |
39 | Selected flight path |
40 | Selected decision height |
41 | EFIS display format |
42 | Multi-function/engine/alerts display format |