The policy framework

Sustainable growth and ‘green recovery’ are central themes at national and international levels, and as we emerge from the COVID-19 pandemic, governments globally are emphasising the need to rebuild economies in a more sustainable way. This can be seen in the EU’s own recovery programme – NextGenerationEU – which aims to “make European economies and societies more sustainable, resilient and better prepared for the challenges and opportunities of the green and digital transitions” and most recently the package of measures under ‘Fit for 55’, which aims to reduce emissions by 55% by 2030. These policies are complimented with the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA), the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS), the introduction of ReFuelEU, and domestic policy initiatives.