Easy Access Rules for Continuing Airworthiness (Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014)

Regulation (EU) 2023/989

Aircraft type training shall consist of theoretical training and examination, and, except for the category C ratings, practical training and assessment.

(a)Theoretical training and examination shall comply with the following requirements:

(i)Shall be conducted by a maintenance training organisation appropriately approved in accordance with Annex IV (Part-147) or, when conducted by other organisations, as directly approved by the competent authority.

(ii)Shall comply with the standard set out in point 3.1 of this Appendix and, if existing, the elements defined in the operational suitability data (OSD) established in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 748/2012.

(iii)In the case of a category C person qualified by holding an academic degree as specified in point 66.A.30(a)(5), the first relevant aircraft type theoretical training shall be at the category B1 or B2 level.

(iv)Shall have been started and completed within the 3 years preceding the application for a type rating endorsement.

(b)Practical training and assessment shall comply with the following requirements:

(i)Shall be conducted by a maintenance training organisation appropriately approved in accordance with Annex IV (Part-147) or, when conducted by other organisations, as directly approved by the competent authority.

(ii)Shall comply with the standard set out in point 3.2 of this Appendix and, if existing, the elements defined in the OSD established in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 748/2012.

(iii)Shall include a representative cross section of maintenance activities relevant to the aircraft type.

(iv)Shall include demonstrations using equipment, components, maintenance simulation training devices (MSTDs), maintenance training devices (MTDs), or real aircraft.

(v)Shall have been started and completed within the 3 years preceding the application for a type rating endorsement.

(c)Differences training

(i)Differences training is the training required to cover the training differences between:

(a)two different aircraft type ratings of the same manufacturer as determined by the Agency; or

(b)two different licence categories in respect of the same aircraft type rating.

(ii)Differences training has to be defined on a case-to-case basis taking into account the requirements contained in this Appendix III in respect of both theoretical and practical elements of type rating training.

(iii)A type rating shall only be endorsed on a licence after differences training when the applicant also complies with one of the following conditions:

•having already endorsed on the licence the aircraft type rating from which the differences are being identified, or

•having completed the type training requirements for the aircraft from which the differences are being identified.

(iv)the differences training shall have been started and completed within 3 years preceding the application for the new type rating in the same category (case (a)) or in another category (case (b)).

Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014

The three levels listed below define the objectives, the depth of training and the level of knowledge that the training is intended to achieve.

•Level 1: A brief overview of the airframe, systems and powerplant as outlined in the Systems Description Section of the Aircraft Maintenance Manual/Instructions for Continued Airworthiness.

Course objectives: Upon completion of Level 1 training, the student will be able to:

(a)provide a simple description of the whole subject, using common words and examples, using typical terms and identify safety precautions related to the airframe, its systems and powerplant;

(b)identify aircraft manuals, maintenance practices important to the airframe, its systems and powerplant;

(c)define the general layout of the aircraft's major systems;

(d)define the general layout and characteristics of the powerplant;

(e)identify special tooling and test equipment used with the aircraft.

•Level 2: Basic system overview of controls, indicators, principal components, including their location and purpose, servicing and minor troubleshooting. General knowledge of the theoretical and practical aspects of the subject.

Course objectives: In addition to the information contained in the Level 1 training, at the completion of Level 2 training, the student will be able to:

(a)understand the theoretical fundamentals; apply knowledge in a practical manner using detailed procedures;

(b)recall the safety precautions to be observed when working on or near the aircraft, powerplant and systems;

(c)describe systems and aircraft handling particularly access, power availability and sources;

(d)identify the locations of the principal components;

(e)explain the normal functioning of each major system, including terminology and nomenclature;

(f)perform the procedures for servicing associated with the aircraft for the following systems: Fuel, Power Plants, Hydraulics, Landing Gear, Water/Waste, and Oxygen;

(g)demonstrate proficiency in use of crew reports and on-board reporting systems (minor troubleshooting) and determine aircraft airworthiness per the MEL/CDL;

(h)demonstrate the use, interpretation and application of appropriate documentation including instructions for continued airworthiness, maintenance manual, illustrated parts catalogue, etc.

•Level 3: Detailed description, operation, component location, removal/installation and bite and troubleshooting procedures to maintenance manual level.

Course objectives: In addition to the information contained in Level 1 and Level 2 training, at the completion of Level 3 training, the student will be able to:

(a)demonstrate a theoretical knowledge of aircraft systems and structures and interrelationships with other systems, provide a detailed description of the subject using theoretical fundamentals and specific examples and to interpret results from various sources and measurements and apply corrective action where appropriate;

(b)perform system, powerplant, component and functional checks as specified in the aircraft maintenance manual;

(c)demonstrate the use, interpret and apply appropriate documentation including structural repair manual, troubleshooting manual, etc.;

(d)correlate information for the purpose of making decisions in respect of fault diagnosis and rectification to maintenance manual level;

(e)describe procedures for replacement of components unique to aircraft type.

Regulation (EU) 2023/989

Although aircraft type training includes both theoretical and practical elements, courses can be approved for the theoretical element, the practical element or for a combination of both.

An appropriate training method, or combination of training methods, shall be determined for the entire course or for each of its parts with regard to the scope and objectives of each training phase and taking into consideration the benefits and limitations of the available training methods.

Multimedia-based training (MBT) methods may be used in order to achieve the training objectives either in a physically or in a virtually controlled environment.