Annex II (Part-145)

GENERAL

Regulation (EU) 2021/1963

For the purpose of this Annex, the competent authority shall be:

1. for organisations that have their principal place of business in a territory for which a Member State is responsible under the Convention on International Civil Aviation, signed in Chicago on 7 December 1944 (“the Chicago Convention”), the authority designated by that Member State, or by another Member State in accordance with Article 64 of Regulation (EU) 2018/1139, or the Agency if the responsibility has been reallocated to the Agency in accordance with Articles 64 or 65 of Regulation (EU) 2018/1139; or

2. for organisations that have their principal place of business outside a territory for which a Member State is responsible under the Chicago Convention, the Agency.

ED Decision 2022/011/R

For the purpose of the AMC & GM to Part-145, the following definitions are used:

SECTION A — TECHNICAL AND ORGANISATION REQUIREMENTS

Regulation (EU) 2021/1963

This Section establishes the requirements to be met by an organisation to qualify for the issue or continuation of an approval certificate for the maintenance of aircraft and components.

ED Decision 2022/011/R

LINE MAINTENANCE AND BASE MAINTENANCE

(a)‘Line maintenance’ refers to limited maintenance for the aircraft suitable to be carried out whilst the aircraft remains in the air operation environment.

Line maintenance may include:

trouble shooting;

defect rectification;

component replacement with use of external test equipment if required. Component replacement may include components such as engines and propellers;

maintenance that will detect obvious unsatisfactory conditions/discrepancies/malfunctions, but does not require extensive in-depth inspection. It may also include internal structure, systems and powerplant items which are visible through quick opening access panels/doors/ports;

repairs, modifications and other maintenance tasks which do not require extensive disassembly and can be accomplished by simple means.

(b)‘Base maintenance’ refers to any maintenance for the aircraft other than line maintenance.

(c)Organisations maintaining aircraft should have a procedure to determine whether the tasks or groups of tasks to be carried out fall under the line maintenance or base maintenance scope of the organisation, with due regard to the expected duration of the maintenance, number and type of tasks, shifts and disciplines involved, work environment, etc.

For temporary or occasional cases, the organisation may also have a procedure which allows, subject to a task assessment (including all relevant aspects and conditions), to conduct a base maintenance task under line maintenance environment.

(d)In particular, maintenance tasks of aircraft subject to ‘progressive’ or ‘equalised’ maintenance programmes should be individually assessed in respect of such procedure to ensure that all the tasks within the particular check can be carried out safely and to the required standards at the designated line maintenance station.

ED Decision 2022/011/R

SMALL ORGANISATIONS

This Guidance Material (GM) provides guidance on how the following small organisations satisfy the intent of Part-145:

(a)Organisations that only employ one person, who carries out the certification function and other functions, and that are approved under Part-145 may use the alternatives provided below limited to the following terms of approval:

Class A2 Base and line maintenance of aeroplanes of 5 700 kg maximum take-off mass (MTOM) or less (with piston engines only)

Class A3 Base and line maintenance of single-engined helicopters of 3 175 kg MTOM or less

Class A4 Aircraft other than A1, A2 and A3 aircraft

Class B2 Piston engines with maximum output of less than 450 HP

Class C Components

Class D1 Non-destructive testing

145.A.30(b): The minimum requirement is for one full-time person who meets the Part-66 requirements for certifying staff and holds the position of ‘accountable manager, safety manager, maintenance engineer and is also certifying staff and, if applicable, airworthiness review staff’. No other person may issue a certificate of release to service and therefore if that person is absent, no maintenance may be released during such absence.

(1)The independent audit element of the compliance monitoring function of point 145.A.200(a)(6) may be subcontracted to an appropriate organisation approved under Part-145 or contracted to a person with appropriate technical knowledge and extensive experience of audits, working under the management system of the organisation, with the agreement of the competent authority.

Note: ‘Full-time’ for the purpose of Part-145 means not less than 35 hrs per week except during vacation periods.

(2)145.A.35. In the case of an approval based on one person using an independent audit monitoring arrangement as referred to in point (1), the requirement for a record of certifying staff is satisfied by the submission to and acceptance by the competent authority of the MOE. With only one person, the requirement for a separate record of authorisation is unnecessary because the EASA Form 3 certificate defines the authorisation. An appropriate statement, to reflect this situation, should be included in the exposition.

(3)145.A.200(a)(6). It is the responsibility of the organisation or person referred to in point (1) to make a minimum of two on-site audits every year, and it is the responsibility of this organisation or person to carry out these activities on the basis of one pre-announced visit and one unannounced visit to the maintenance organisation.

It is the responsibility of the Part-145 organisation to ensure that effective implementation of all corrective actions takes place.

(b)Recommended operating procedure for a Part-145 organisation based upon up to 10 persons involved in maintenance.

(1)145.A.30(b) and 145.A.30(c): The normal minimum requirement is for the employment on a full-time basis of two persons who meet the applicable requirements for certifying staff, whereby one holds the position of ‘maintenance engineer’ and the other holds the position of ‘compliance monitoring engineer’.

Either person can assume the responsibilities of the accountable manager and safety manager provided that they can comply in full with the applicable elements of points 145.A.30(a) and 145.A.30(ca), but the ‘maintenance engineer’ is the certifying person in order to retain the independence of the ‘compliance monitoring engineer’ to carry out audits. Nothing prevents either engineer from undertaking maintenance tasks provided that the ‘maintenance engineer’ issues the certificate of release to service. This ‘maintenance engineer’ may also be nominated as airworthiness review staff to carry out airworthiness reviews and to issue the corresponding airworthiness review certificate for aircraft for which Part-ML applies in accordance with ML.A.903.

The ‘compliance monitoring engineer’ should have similar qualifications and status to the ‘maintenance engineer’ for reasons of credibility, unless he/she has a proven track record in aircraft compliance monitoring, in which case some reduction in the extent of his or her maintenance qualifications may be permitted.

In cases where the competent authority agrees that it is not practical for the organisation to nominate a person responsible for the independent audit of the compliance monitoring function, this element may be arranged in accordance with point (a)(1).

Regulation (EU) 2021/1963

(a)An application for a certificate or an amendment to an existing certificate in accordance with this Annex shall be made in a form and manner established by the competent authority, taking into account the applicable requirements of Annex I (Part-M), Annex Vb (Part-ML) and this Annex.

(b)Applicants for an initial certificate pursuant to this Annex shall provide the competent authority with:

1.the results of a pre-audit performed by the organisation against the applicable requirements provided for in Annex I (Part-M), Annex Vb (Part-ML) and this Annex;

2.documentation demonstrating how they will comply with the requirements established in this Regulation.

ED Decision 2022/011/R

An application should be made on an EASA Form 2 (refer to Appendix III to AMC1 145.A.15) or an equivalent form that is acceptable to the competent authority.

EASA Form 2 is valid for the application for other types of organisations pursuant to Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014. Organisations that apply for several certificates may do so using a single EASA Form 2.

ED Decision 2022/011/R

GENERAL

(a)Draft documents should be submitted at the earliest opportunity so that the assessment of the application can begin. The initial certification or approval of changes cannot take place until the competent authority has received the completed documents.

(b)This information, including the results of the pre-audit specified in point 145.A.15(b)(1), will enable the competent authority to conduct its assessment in order to determine the volume of certification and oversight work that is necessary, and the locations where it will be carried out.

(c)The intent of the internal pre-audit referred to in point 145.A.15(b)(1) is to ensure that the organisation has internally verified its compliance with the Regulation. This should allow the organisation to demonstrate to the competent authority the extent to which the applicable requirements are complied with, and to provide assurance that the organisation management system (including compliance monitoring system) is established to a level that is sufficient to perform maintenance activities.

Regulation (EU) 2021/1963

(a)The organisation’s scope of work shall be specified in the maintenance organisation exposition (MOE) in accordance with point 145.A.70.

(b)The organisation shall comply with the terms of approval attached to the organisation certificate issued by the competent authority, and with the scope of work specified in the MOE.

ED Decision 2022/011/R

The following table identifies the ATA Specification 2200 chapter for the category C component rating. If the maintenance manual (or equivalent document) does not follow the ATA Chapters, the corresponding subjects still apply to the applicable C rating.

ED Decision 2022/011/R

Facilities such as stores, line stations, component or subcontractors workshops that are not located together with the main facilities of the organisation may be covered by the organisation approval without being identified on the organisation certificate, provided that the MOE identifies these facilities and contains procedures to control such facilities, and the competent authority is satisfied that they form an integral part of the approved maintenance organisation.

Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014

The organisation shall ensure that:

(a)Facilities are provided appropriate for all planned work, ensuring in particular, protection from the weather elements. Specialised workshops and bays are segregated as appropriate, to ensure that environmental and work area contamination is unlikely to occur.

1.For base maintenance of aircraft, aircraft hangars are both available and large enough to accommodate aircraft on planned base maintenance;

2.For component maintenance, component workshops are large enough to accommodate the components on planned maintenance.

(b)Office accommodation is provided for the management of the planned work referred to in point (a), and certifying staff so that they can carry out their designated tasks in a manner that contributes to good aircraft maintenance standards.

(c)The working environment including aircraft hangars, component workshops and office accommodation is appropriate for the task carried out and in particular special requirements observed. Unless otherwise dictated by the particular task environment, the working environment must be such that the effectiveness of personnel is not impaired:

1.temperatures must be maintained such that personnel can carry out required tasks without undue discomfort.

2.dust and any other airborne contamination are kept to a minimum and not be permitted to reach a level in the work task area where visible aircraft/component surface contamination is evident. Where dust/other airborne contamination results in visible surface contamination, all susceptible systems are sealed until acceptable conditions are re-established.

3.lighting is such as to ensure each inspection and maintenance task can be carried out in an effective manner.

4.noise shall not distract personnel from carrying out inspection tasks. Where it is impractical to control the noise source, such personnel are provided with the necessary personal equipment to stop excessive noise causing distraction during inspection tasks.

5.where a particular maintenance task requires the application of specific environmental conditions different to the foregoing, then such conditions are observed. Specific conditions are identified in the maintenance data.

6.the working environment for line maintenance is such that the particular maintenance or inspection task can be carried out without undue distraction. Therefore where the working environment deteriorates to an unacceptable level in respect of temperature, moisture, hail, ice, snow, wind, light, dust/other airborne contamination, the particular maintenance or inspection tasks must be suspended until satisfactory conditions are re-established.

(d)Secure storage facilities are provided for components, equipment, tools and material. Storage conditions ensure segregation of serviceable components and material from unserviceable aircraft components, material, equipment and tools. The conditions of storage are in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions to prevent deterioration and damage of stored items. Access to storage facilities is restricted to authorised personnel.

ED Decision 2022/011/R

1.Where the hangar is not owned by the organisation, it may be necessary to establish proof of tenancy. In addition, sufficiency of hangar space to carry out planned base maintenance should be demonstrated by the preparation of a projected aircraft hangar visit plan relative to the intended maintenance activities. The aircraft hangar visit plan should be updated on a regular basis.

2.Protection from the weather elements relates to the normal prevailing local weather elements that are expected throughout any twelve month period. Aircraft hangar and component workshop structures should prevent the ingress of rain, hail, ice, snow, wind and dust etc. Aircraft hangar and component workshop floors should be sealed to minimise dust generation.

3.For line maintenance of aircraft, hangars are not essential but it is recommended that access to hangar accommodation be demonstrated for usage during inclement weather for minor scheduled work and lengthy defect rectification.

4.Subject to a risk assessment and agreement by the competent authority, the organisation may use facilities at the approved location other than a base maintenance hangar for certain aircraft base maintenance tasks, provided that those facilities offer levels of weather and environmental protection that are equivalent to those of a base maintenance hangar, as well as a suitable working environment for the particular work package. This does not exempt an organisation from the requirement to have a base maintenance hangar in order to be approved to conduct base maintenance at a given location.

ED Decision 2015/029/R

It is acceptable to combine any or all of the office accommodation requirements into one office subject to the staff having sufficient room to carry out the assigned tasks.

In addition, as part of the office accommodation, aircraft maintenance staff should be provided with an area where they may study maintenance instructions and complete maintenance records in a proper manner.

ED Decision 2015/029/R

1.Storage facilities for serviceable aircraft components should be clean, well-ventilated and maintained at a constant dry temperature to minimise the effects of condensation. Manufacturer’s storage recommendations should be followed for those aircraft components identified in such published recommendations.

2.Storage racks should be strong enough to hold aircraft components and provide sufficient support for large aircraft components such that the component is not distorted during storage.

3.All aircraft components, wherever practicable, should remain packaged in protective material to minimise damage and corrosion during storage.

Regulation (EU) 2021/1963

The organisation shall appoint an accountable manager that has corporate authority to ensure that all maintenance activities of the organisation can be financed and carried out in accordance with Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 and its delegated and implementing acts. The accountable manager shall:

1.ensure that all necessary resources are available to accomplish maintenance in accordance with this Annex, Annex I (Part-M) and Annex Vb (Part-ML), as applicable, to support the organisation certificate;

2.establish and promote the safety policy specified in point 145.A.200(a)(2);

3.demonstrate a basic understanding of this Regulation.

Regulation (EU) 2021/1963

The accountable manager shall nominate a person or group of persons representing the management structure for the maintenance functions and with the responsibility to ensure that the organisation works in accordance with the MOE and approved procedures. It shall be made clear in the procedures who deputises for a particular person in the case of lengthy absence of that person.

Regulation (EU) 2021/1963

The accountable manager shall nominate a person or group of persons with the responsibility to manage the compliance monitoring function as part of the management system.

Regulation (EU) 2021/1963

The accountable manager shall nominate a person or group of persons with the responsibility to manage the development, administration and maintenance of effective safety management processes as part of the management system.

Regulation (EU) 2021/1963

(cb)The person or group of persons nominated in accordance with points (b), (c) and (ca) shall have a responsibility to the accountable manager and direct access to him/her to keep him/her properly informed on compliance and safety matters.

Regulation (EU) 2021/1963

(cc)The person or persons nominated in accordance with points (b), (c) and (ca) shall be able to demonstrate relevant knowledge, background and satisfactory experience related to aircraft or component maintenance and demonstrate a working knowledge of this Regulation.

Regulation (EU) 2021/1963

The organisation shall have a maintenance man-hour plan to ensure it has sufficient and appropriately qualified staff to plan, perform, supervise, inspect and monitor the organisation’s activities in accordance with the terms of approval. In addition, the organisation shall have a procedure to reassess the work intended to be carried out when the actual staff availability is reduced compared to the planned staffing level for a particular work shift or period.

Regulation (EU) 2021/1963

The organisation shall establish and control the competency of the personnel involved in any maintenance, airworthiness reviews, safety management and compliance monitoring in accordance with a procedure and to a standard agreed with the competent authority. In addition to the necessary expertise related to the job function, the competency of the personnel must include an understanding of the application of safety management principles, including human factors and human performance issues, which is appropriate to their function and responsibilities in the organisation.

Regulation (EU) 2018/1142

(f)The organisation shall ensure that personnel who carry out or control a continued-airworthiness non-destructive test of aircraft structures or components, or both, are appropriately qualified for the particular non- destructive test in accordance with the European or equivalent standard recognised by the Agency. Personnel who carry out any other specialised task shall be appropriately qualified in accordance with officially recognised standards. By derogation from this point, personnel referred to in point (g), points (h)(1) and (h)(2), qualified in category B1, B3 or L in accordance with Annex III (Part-66), may carry out and/or control colour contrast dye penetrant tests.

Regulation (EU) 2018/1142

(g)Any organisation maintaining aircraft, except where stated otherwise in point (j), shall in the case of aircraft line maintenance, have appropriate aircraft-rated certifying staff qualified as category B1, B2, B2L, B3 and L, as appropriate, in accordance with Annex III (Part-66) and point 145.A.35.

In addition such organisations may also use appropriately task-trained certifying staff holding the privileges set out in points 66.A.20(a)(1) and 66.A.20(a)(3)(ii) and qualified in accordance with Annex III (Part-66) and point 145.A.35 to carry out minor scheduled line maintenance and simple defect rectification. The availability of such certifying staff shall not replace the need for category B1, B2, B2L, B3 and L certifying staff, as appropriate.

Regulation (EU) 2018/1142

Any organisation maintaining aircraft, except where stated otherwise in point (j), shall:

1.in the case of base maintenance of complex motor-powered aircraft, have appropriate aircraft-type-rated certifying staff, qualified as category C in accordance with Annex III (Part-66) and point 145.A.35. In addition, the organisation shall have sufficient aircraft-type-rated staff qualified as category B1 and B2, as appropriate, in accordance with Annex III (Part-66) and point 145.A.35 to support the category C certifying staff.

(i)Category B1 and B2 support staff shall ensure that all relevant tasks or inspections have been carried out to the required standard before the category C certifying staff issues the certificate of release to service.

(ii)The organisation shall maintain a register of any such category B1 and B2 support staff.

(iii)The category C certifying staff shall ensure that compliance with point (i) has been met and that all work required by the customer has been accomplished during the particular base maintenance check or work package, and shall also assess the impact of any work not carried out, with a view to either requiring its accomplishment or agreeing with the operator to defer such work to another specified check or time limit.

2.in the case of base maintenance of aircraft other than complex motor-powered aircraft, have one of the following:

(i)appropriate aircraft-rated certifying staff, qualified as category B1, B2, B2L, B3 and L, as appropriate, in accordance with Annex III (Part-66) and point 145.A.35;

(ii)appropriate aircraft-rated certifying staff, qualified in category C and assisted by support staff, as set out in point 145.A.35(a)(i).

Regulation (EU) 2018/1142

(i)Component certifying staff shall be qualified in accordance with Article 5(6) and point 145.A.35.

Regulation (EU) 2021/1963

By way of derogation from points (g) and (h), in relation to the obligation to comply with Annex III (Part-66), the organisation may use certifying staff and support staff that are qualified in accordance with the following provisions:

1.For base maintenance carried out at a location outside a territory for which a Member State is responsible under the Chicago Convention, the certifying staff and support staff may be qualified in accordance with the national aviation regulations of the State in which the base maintenance facility is located, subject to the conditions specified in Appendix IV to this Annex.

2.For line maintenance carried out at a line station located outside a territory for which a Member State is responsible under the Chicago Convention, the certifying staff may be qualified, subject to the conditions specified in Appendix IV to this Annex, in accordance with the following alternative conditions:

•national aviation regulations of the State in which the line station is located,

•national aviation regulations of the State in which the organisation’s principal place of business is located.

3.For a repetitive pre-flight airworthiness directive which specifically states that the flight crew may carry out such airworthiness directive, the organisation may issue a limited certification authorisation to the pilot on the basis of the flight crew licence held. In that case, the organisation shall ensure that the pilot has carried out sufficient practical training ensuring that the pilot can accomplish the airworthiness directive.

4.If an aircraft is operated away from a supported location, the organisation may issue a limited certification authorisation to the pilot on the basis of the flight crew licence held, subject to being satisfied that the pilot has carried out sufficient practical training ensuring that the pilot can accomplish the specified task.

5.In the following unforeseen cases, where an aircraft is grounded at a location other than the main base where no appropriate certifying staff are available, the organisation contracted to provide maintenance support may issue a one-off certification authorisation:

(i)to one of its employees holding equivalent type authorisations on aircraft of similar technology, construction and systems; or

(ii)to any person with not less than five years maintenance experience and holding a valid ICAO aircraft maintenance licence rated for the aircraft type requiring certification provided there is no organisation appropriately approved under this Part at that location and the contracted organisation obtains and holds on file evidence of the experience and the licence of that person.

All such cases as specified in this point must be reported to the competent authority within seven days after issuing such certification authorisation. The organisation issuing the one-off authorisation shall ensure that any such maintenance that could affect flight safety is re-checked by an appropriately approved organisation.

Regulation (EU) 2021/1963

If the organisation performs airworthiness reviews and issues the corresponding airworthiness review certificate in accordance with point ML.A.903 of Annex Vb (Part-ML), it shall have airworthiness review staff that are qualified and authorised in accordance with point 145.A.37.

ED Decision 2022/011/R

ACCOUNTABLE MANAGER

Accountable manager is normally intended to mean the chief executive officer of the approved maintenance organisation, who by virtue of his or her position has overall (including in particular financial) responsibility for running the organisation. The accountable manager may be the accountable manager for more than one organisation and is not necessarily required to be knowledgeable on technical matters, as the MOE defines the maintenance standards. When the accountable manager is not the chief executive officer, the organisation should demonstrate to the competent authority that the accountable manager has direct access to the chief executive officer and has the necessary funding allocation for the intended maintenance activities.

ED Decision 2022/011/R

MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE FOR MAINTENANCE

The person or group of persons nominated under point 145.A.30(b), with the responsibility to ensure that the organisation works in accordance with the MOE and approved procedures (i.e. responsibility for ensuring compliance) should represent the management structure of the organisation and be responsible for the daily operation of the organisation, in respect of all maintenance-related functions.

1.Dependent upon the size of the organisation, the Part-145 maintenance functions may be divided under nominated persons or combined in any number of ways. However, a maintenance function cannot be combined with the compliance monitoring function.

The maintenance functions include maintenance/safety training, performance and certification of maintenance, equipment and component procurement, facility management, man-hour plan, etc., and it should be ensured that each Part-145 maintenance function is attributed to one nominated person.

2.Dependent upon the extent of approval, the organisation structure should normally include a base maintenance manager, a line maintenance manager and a workshop manager, all of whom should report to the accountable manager except in a small Part-145 organisation where any one manager may also be the accountable manager, as determined by the competent authority.

3.The base maintenance manager is responsible for ensuring that all base maintenance is carried out in the base maintenance hangar (or facility as provided for in point 4 of AMC1 145.A.25(a)) and to the standards specified in point 145.A.65. The base maintenance manager is also responsible for base maintenance-related corrective actions resulting from the compliance monitoring of point 145.A.200(a)(6).

4.The line maintenance manager is responsible for ensuring that all line maintenance including line defect rectification is carried out to the standards specified in point 145.A.65. This manager is also responsible for line maintenance-related corrective actions resulting from the compliance monitoring of point 145.A.200(a)(6).

5.The workshop manager is responsible for ensuring that all work on aircraft components in the workshop is carried out to the standards specified in point 145.A.65. This manager is also responsible for workshop-related corrective actions resulting from the compliance monitoring of point 145.A.200(a)(6).

6.(reserved).

7.Notwithstanding the examples of titles provided in points 2 - 5, the organisation may adopt any title for the foregoing managerial positions but it should identify to the competent authority the titles and the persons chosen to carry out these functions.

8.Where an organisation chooses to appoint managers for all or any combination of the identified maintenance functions because of the size of the undertaking, these managers should report to the accountable manager through the nominated persons.

ED Decision 2022/011/R

RESPONSIBILITY FOR ENSURING COMPLIANCE

The person(s) nominated in accordance with 145.A.30(b) are responsible, in the day-to-day maintenance activities, for ensuring that the organisation personnel work in accordance with the applicable procedures and regulatory requirements.

These nominated persons should demonstrate a complete understanding of the applicable regulatory requirements, and ensure that the organisation’s processes and standards accurately reflect these requirements. It is their role to ensure that compliance is proactively managed, and that early warning signs of non-compliance are documented and acted upon.

ED Decision 2022/011/R

SAFETY MANAGEMENT AND COMPLIANCE MONITORING FUNCTION

(a)Safety management

If more than one person is designated for the development, administration and maintenance of effective safety management processes, the accountable manager should identify the person who acts as the unique focal point, i.e. the ‘safety manager’.

The functions of the safety manager should be to:

(i)facilitate hazard identification, risk assessment and management;

(ii)monitor the implementation of actions taken to mitigate risks, as listed in the safety action plan, unless action follow-up is addressed by the compliance monitoring function;

(iii)provide periodic reports on safety performance to the safety review board (the functions of the safety review board are those defined in AMC1 145.A.200(a)(1));

(iv)ensure the maintenance of safety management documentation;

(v)ensure that there is safety training available, and that it meets acceptable standards;

(vi)provide advice on safety matters; and

(vii)ensure the initiation and follow-up of internal occurrence investigations.

(b) Compliance monitoring function

If more than one person is designated for the compliance monitoring function, the accountable manager should identify the person who acts as the unique focal point, i.e. the ‘compliance monitoring manager’.

(1)The role of the compliance monitoring manager should be to ensure that:

(i)the activities of the organisation are monitored for compliance with the applicable requirements and any additional requirements as established by the organisation, and that these activities are carried out properly under the supervision of the nominated persons referred to in points (b), (c) and (ca) of point 145.A.30;

(ii)any maintenance contracted to another maintenance organisation is monitored for compliance with the contract or work order;

(iii)an audit plan is properly implemented, maintained, and continually reviewed and improved; and

(iv)corrections and corrective actions are requested as necessary.

(2)The compliance monitoring manager should:

(i)not be one of the persons referred to in point 145.A.30(b);

(ii)be able to demonstrate relevant knowledge, background and appropriate experience related to the activities of the organisation, including knowledge and experience in compliance monitoring; and

(iii)have access to all parts of the organisation, and as necessary, any subcontracted organisation.

(c)If the functions related to compliance monitoring or safety management are combined with other duties, the organisation should ensure that this does not result in any conflicts of interest. In particular, the compliance monitoring function should be independent from the maintenance functions.

(d)If the same person is designated to manage both the compliance monitoring function and safety management-related processes and tasks, the accountable manager, with regard to his or her direct accountability for safety, should ensure that sufficient resources are allocated to both functions, taking into account the size of the organisation, and the nature and complexity of its activities.

(e)Subject to a risk assessment and/or mitigation actions, and agreement by the competent authority, with due regard to the size of the organisation and the nature and complexity of its activities, the compliance monitoring manager role and/or safety manager role may be exercised by the accountable manager, provided that he or she has demonstrated the related competency.

ED Decision 2022/011/R

SAFETY MANAGER

(a)Depending on the size of the organisation and the nature and complexity of its activities, the safety manager may be assisted by additional safety personnel in performing all the safety management tasks defined in AMC1 145.A.200(a)(1).

(b)Regardless of the organisational set-up, it is important that the safety manager remains the unique focal point for the development, administration, and maintenance of the organisation’s safety management processes.

ED Decision 2022/011/R

RESPONSIBILITY OF THE NOMINATED PERSONS TO THE ACCOUNTABLE MANAGER

There are different ways to set up the organisation including the possibility to have managerial layers between the accountable manager and the nominated person. But the key principle is that, regardless of the arrangement, there is one nominated person responsible for each Part-145 function, this responsibility is recognised by that nominated person and the accountable manager, and a direct communication channel exists between them. The nominated person’s responsibility should not be diluted into the various levels of management and should be free of conflicts of interest.

ED Decision 2022/011/R

KNOWLEDGE, BACKGROUND AND EXPERIENCE OF NOMINATED PERSON(S)

The person or persons to be nominated in accordance with points (b), (c) and (ca) of point 145.A.30 should have:

(a)practical experience and expertise in the application of aviation safety standards and safe operating practices;

(b)knowledge of:

(1) human factors principles;

(2) EU management system requirements and their application (including safety management systems and compliance monitoring);

(c)5 years of relevant work experience, of which at least 2 years should be from the aeronautical industry in an appropriate position;

(d)a relevant engineering or technical degree, or an aircraft technician or maintenance engineer qualification with additional education that is acceptable to the competent authority. ‘Relevant engineering or technical degree’ means a degree from aeronautical, mechanical, electrical, electronic, avionics or other studies that are relevant to the maintenance and/or continuing airworthiness of aircraft/aircraft components.

The provision set out in the first paragraph of point (d) may be replaced by 2 years of experience in addition to those already recommended by paragraph (c) above. These 2 years should cover an appropriate combination of experience in tasks/activities related to maintenance and/or continuing airworthiness management and/or the surveillance of such tasks.

For the person to be nominated in accordance with point (c) or (ca) of point 145.A.30, in the case where the organisation holds one or more additional organisation certificates within the scope of Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 and that person has already an equivalent position (i.e. compliance monitoring manager, safety manager) under the additional certificate(s) held, the provisions set out in the first two paragraphs of point (d) may be replaced by the completion of a specific training programme acceptable to the competent authority to gain an adequate understanding of maintenance standards and continuing airworthiness concepts and principles;

(e)thorough knowledge of the organisation's MOE and safety policy;

(f)knowledge of a relevant sample of the type(s) of aircraft or components gained through a formalised training course. These courses could be provided by a Part-147 organisation, by the manufacturer, by the Part-145 organisation or by any other organisation accepted by the competent authority. Aircraft/engine type training courses should be at least at a level equivalent to the Part-66 Appendix III Level 1 General Familiarisation.

‘Relevant sample’ means that these courses should cover typical aircraft or components that are within the scope of work of the organisation.

For all balloons and any other aircraft of 2 730 kg MTOM or less, the formalised training courses may be replaced by a demonstration of the required knowledge by providing documented evidence, or by an assessment acceptable to the competent authority. This assessment should be recorded;

(g)knowledge of the relevant maintenance methods (and how they are applied in the organisation) and/or specific knowledge relevant to the area for which the person will be nominated;

(h)knowledge of the applicable regulations;

(i)adequate language and communication skills.

ED Decision 2022/011/R

SUFFICIENT NUMBER OF PERSONNEL

1.Has sufficient staff means that the organisation employs or contracts competent staff, as detailed in the man-hour plan, of which at least half the staff that perform maintenance in each workshop, hangar or flight line on any shift should be employed to ensure organisational stability. For the purpose of meeting a specific operational necessity, a temporary increase of the proportion of contracted staff may be permitted to the organisation by the competent authority, in accordance with an approved procedure which should describe the extent, specific duties, and responsibilities for ensuring adequate organisation stability. For the purpose of this subparagraph, employed means the person is directly employed as an individual by the maintenance organisation approved under Part-145, whereas contracted means the person is employed by another organisation and contracted by that organisation to the maintenance organisation approved under Part-145.

2.The maintenance man-hour plan should take into account all maintenance activities carried out outside the scope of the Part-145 approval.

The planned absence (for training, vacations, etc.) should be considered when developing the man-hour plan.

3.The maintenance man-hour plan should relate to the anticipated maintenance work load except that when the organisation cannot predict such workload, due to the short term nature of its contracts, then such plan should be based upon the minimum maintenance workload needed for commercial viability. Maintenance work load includes all necessary work such as, but not limited to, planning, maintenance record checks, production of worksheets/cards in paper or electronic form, accomplishment of maintenance, inspection and the completion of maintenance records.

4.For aircraft base maintenance, the maintenance man-hour plan should relate to the aircraft hangar visit plan as specified in AMC1 145.A.25(a).

5.For aircraft component maintenance, the maintenance man-hour plan should relate to the aircraft component planned maintenance as specified in point 145.A.25(a)(2).

6.The man-hours allocated to the compliance monitoring function should be sufficient to meet the requirement of point 145.A.200(a)(6) which means taking into account the AMC to 145.A.200(a)(6). Where compliance monitoring staff also perform other functions, the time allocated to those functions needs to be taken into account in determining the number of compliance monitoring staff.

7.The maintenance man-hour plan should be reviewed at least every 3 months and updated when necessary.

8.Significant deviation from the maintenance man-hour plan should be reported through the departmental manager to the compliance monitoring manager and the accountable manager for review. It may also be reported through the internal safety reporting scheme. A significant deviation means that there is more than a 25% shortfall in available man-hours during a calendar month for any one of the functions specified in point 145.A.30(d).

9.In addition, as part of its management system in accordance with point 145.A.200, the organisation should have a procedure to assess and mitigate the risks:

(1) if the actual number of staff available is less than the planned staffing level for any particular work shift or period;

(2) if there is a temporary increase in the proportion of contracted staff in order to meet specific operational needs.

ED Decision 2022/011/R

COMPETENCY ASSESSMENT OBJECTIVES

The procedure referred to in 145.A.30(e) should require amongst others that planners, mechanics, specialised services staff, supervisors, certifying staff and support staff, whether employed or contracted, are assessed for competency before unsupervised work commences and competency is controlled on a continuous basis.

Competency should be assessed by the evaluation of:

•on-the-job performance and/or testing of knowledge by appropriately qualified personnel, and

•records for basic, organisational, or tasks training and/or product type and differences training, and

•experience records.

Validation of the above could include a confirmation check with the organisation(s) that issued the document(s). For that purpose, experience/training may be recorded in a document such as a log book, or based on the suggested template in GM3 145.A.30(e).

As a result of this assessment, an individual’s qualifications should determine:

•the scope of tasks this individual is authorised to perform and/or supervise and/or sign off (as applicable) or which level of ongoing supervision would be required;

•whether there is a need for additional training.

A record should be kept of each individual’s qualifications and competency assessment (refer also to point 145.A.55(d)). This should include copies of all documents that attest to their qualifications, such as a licence and/or any authorisation held, as applicable.

For a proper competency assessment of its personnel, the organisation should consider that:

1.In accordance with the job function, adequate initial and recurrent training has been received by the staff and recorded to ensure continued competency so that it is maintained throughout the duration of the employment/contract.

2.All staff should be able to demonstrate knowledge of, and compliance with, the maintenance organisation’s procedures, as applicable to their duties.

3.All staff should be able to demonstrate an understanding of the safety management principles, including human factors related to their job function, and be trained as per AMC4 145.A.30(e).

4.To assist in the assessment of competency and to establish the training needs analysis, job descriptions are recommended for each job function in the organisation. Job descriptions should contain sufficient criteria to enable the required competency assessment.

5.Criteria should allow the assessment to establish that, among other aspects (titles might be different in each organisation):

Managers are able to properly manage the work output, processes, resources and priorities described in their assigned duties, accountabilities and responsibilities in accordance with the safety policy and objectives and in compliance with the applicable requirements.

Planners are able to interpret maintenance requirements into maintenance tasks, and have an understanding that they have no authority to deviate from the maintenance data. They are able to organise maintenance activities in an effective manner and in consideration of human performance limitations.

Supervisors are able to ensure that all the required maintenance tasks are carried out and, if they are not completed or it is evident that a particular maintenance task cannot be carried out according to the maintenance data, that these problems will be adequately addressed to eliminate the non-compliance, and reported through the internal safety reporting scheme to prevent their reoccurrence. In addition, for those supervisors, who also carry out maintenance tasks, the assessment should ensure that they understand that such tasks should not be undertaken if they are incompatible with their management responsibilities.

Mechanics are able to carry out maintenance tasks to any standard specified in the maintenance data, and will notify their supervisors of any defects or mistakes requiring rectification to re-establish the required maintenance standards.

Specialised services staff are able to carry out specialised maintenance tasks to the standard specified in the maintenance data. They should be able to communicate with their supervisors and report accurately when necessary.

Support staff are able to determine that the relevant tasks or inspections have been carried out to the required standard.

Certifying staff are able to determine when the aircraft or aircraft component maintenance is ready to be released to service and when it should not be released to service.

Compliance monitoring staff are able to monitor compliance with this Regulation and to identify non-compliances in an effective and timely manner so that the organisation may remain in compliance with this Regulation.

Staff who have safety management responsibilities are familiar with the relevant processes in terms of hazard identification, risk management, and the monitoring of safety performance.

All staff are familiar with the safety policy and the procedures and tools that can be used for internal safety reporting.

The competency assessment should be based upon the procedure specified in GM2 145.A.30(e).

ED Decision 2022/011/R

COMPETENCY ASSESSMENT PROCEDURE

(a)The organisation should develop a procedure that describes the process for conducting competency assessments of personnel. The procedure should specify:

(1)the persons who are responsible for this process;

(2)when the assessments should take place;

(3)how to give credit from previous assessments;

(4)how to validate qualification records;

(5)the means and methods to be used for the initial assessment;

(6)the means and methods to be used for the continuous control of competency, including how to gather feedback on the performance of personnel;

(7)the aspects of competencies to be observed during the assessment in relation to each job function;

(8)the actions to be taken if the assessment is not satisfactory; and

(9)how to record the assessment results.

(b)Competency may be assessed by having the person work under the supervision of another qualified person for a sufficient time to arrive at a conclusion. Sufficient time could range from several days to several weeks depending on the complexity of the task(s) and the work exposure. The person need not be assessed against the complete spectrum of their intended duties. If the person has been recruited from another approved maintenance organisation, a written confirmation from the previous organisation could be taken into consideration to reduce the duration of the assessment.

(c)All prospective maintenance staff should be assessed for their competency related to their intended duties.

ED Decision 2022/011/R

INITIAL AND RECURRENT TRAINING

(a)Adequate initial and recurrent training should be provided in relation to the job function to ensure that staff remain competent. Completion of such training should be recorded.

(b)Recurrent training should take into account the information reported through the internal safety reporting scheme (see point (c)(3) of AMC1 145.A.202).

(c)Those responsible for managing the compliance monitoring function should receive training on this task. Such training should cover the requirements of compliance monitoring, manuals and procedures related to the task, audit techniques, reporting, and recording.

ED Decision 2022/011/R

SAFETY TRAINING (INCLUDING HUMAN FACTORS)

(a)With respect to the understanding of the application of safety management principles (including human factors), all maintenance organisation personnel should be assessed for the need to receive initial safety training.

Personnel involved in the delivery of the basic maintenance service of the organisation should receive both initial and recurrent safety training, appropriate for their responsibilities. This should include at least the following staff members:

Nominated persons, line managers, supervisors;

Certifying staff, support staff and mechanics;

Technical support personnel such as planners, engineers, technical record staff;

Persons involved in compliance monitoring and/or safety management-related processes and tasks, including the application of human factors principles, internal investigations and safety training;

Specialised services staff;

Stores department staff, purchasing department staff;

Ground equipment operators.

The generic term ‘line managers’ refers to departmental heads or persons responsible for operational departments or functional units that are directly involved in the delivery of the basic maintenance services of the organisation.

(b)Initial safety training should cover all the topics of the training syllabus specified in GM1 145.A.30(e) either as a dedicated course or else integrated within other training. The syllabus may be adjusted to reflect the particular nature of the organisation. The syllabus may also be adjusted to suit the particular nature of work for each function within the organisation. For example:

small organisations not working in shifts may cover in less depth subjects related to teamwork and communication;

planners may cover in more depth the scheduling and planning objectives of the syllabus, and in less depth the objective of developing skills for shift working.

All personnel identified in accordance with point (a) of this AMC, including personnel being recruited from any other organisation should receive initial safety training compliant with the organisation’s training standards prior to commencing the actual job function, unless their competency assessment justifies that there is no need for such training. New, directly employed personnel working under direct supervision may receive training within 6 months after joining the maintenance organisation.

(c)The purpose of recurrent safety training is primarily to ensure that staff remain current in terms of SMS principles and human factors and also to collect feedback on safety and human factors issues. Consideration should be given to involving compliance monitoring staff and the key safety management personnel in this training to provide a consistent presence and facilitate feedback. There should be a procedure to ensure that feedback is formally reported by the trainers through the internal safety reporting scheme to initiate action where necessary.

Recurrent safety training should be delivered either as a dedicated course or integrated within other training. It should be of an appropriate duration in each 2-year period in relation to the relevant compliance monitoring audit findings and other internal/external sources of information available to the organisation on safety and human factors maintenance issues.

(d)Safety training may be conducted by the maintenance organisation itself, independent trainers, or any training organisations acceptable to the competent authority.

(e)The safety training procedures should be specified in the MOE.

ED Decision 2022/011/R

OTHER TRAININGS

(a)The organisation should assess the need for particular trainings, for example with regard to the ‘Electrical Wiring Interconnection System’ (EWIS) or ‘Critical Design Configuration Control Limitations’ (CDCCL).

(b)Guidance on EWIS training programme for maintenance organisation personnel is provided in AMC 20-22.

(c)Guidance on fuel tank safety training is provided in ‘Appendix IV to AMC5 145.A.30(e) and AMC2 145.B.200(a)(3)’.

ED Decision 2022/011/R

TRAINING SYLLABUS FOR INITIAL SAFETY TRAINING (INCLUDING HUMAN FACTORS)

The training syllabus below identifies the topics and subtopics to be addressed during the safety training.

The maintenance organisation may combine, divide, or change the order of any of the subjects in the syllabus to suit its own needs, as long as all the subjects are covered to a level of detail appropriate to the organisation and its personnel, including the varying level of seniority of that personnel.

Some of the topics may be covered in separate training courses (e.g. health and safety, management, supervisory skills, etc.) in which case duplication of training is not necessary.

Where possible, practical illustrations and examples should be used, especially accident and incident reports.

Topics should be related to existing legislation, where relevant. Topics should be related to existing guidance/advisory material, where relevant (e.g. ICAO HF Digests and Training Manual).

Topics should be related to the maintenance activities of the organisation to the greatest extent possible; too much unrelated theory should be avoided.

1.General/Introduction to safety management and human factors

1.1.Need to address safety management and human factors

1.2.Statistics

1.3.Incidents

1a.Safety risk management

1a.1.Hazard identification

1a.2.Safety risk assessment

1a.3.Risk mitigation and management

1a.4.Effectiveness of safety risk management

2.Safety Culture/Organisational factors

2.1Justness/trust

2.2Commitment to safety

2.3Adaptability

2.4Awareness

2.5Behaviour

2.6 Information

3.Human Error

3.1.Error models and theories

3.2.Types of errors in maintenance tasks

3.3.Violations

3.4.Implications of errors

3.5.Avoiding and managing errors

3.6.Human reliability

4.Human performance & limitations

4.1.Vision

4.2.Hearing

4.3.Information-processing

4.4.Attention and perception

4.5.Situational awareness

4.6.Memory

4.7.Claustrophobia and physical access

4.8.Motivation

4.9.Fitness/health

4.10.Stress

4.11.Workload management

4.12.Fatigue

4.13.Alcohol, medication, drugs

4.14.Physical work

4.15.Repetitive tasks/complacency

5.Environment

5.1.Peer pressure

5.2.Stressors

5.3.Time pressure and deadlines

5.4.Workload

5.5.Shift work

5.6.Noise and fumes

5.7.Illumination

5.8.Climate and temperature

5.9.Motion and vibration

5.10.Complex systems

5.11.Other hazards in the workplace

5.12.Lack of manpower

5.13.Distractions and interruptions

6.Procedures, information, tools and practices

6.1.Visual inspection

6.2.Work logging and recording

6.3.Procedure - practice/mismatch/norms

6.4.Technical documentation - access and quality

6.5.Critical maintenance tasks and error-capturing methods (independent inspection, reinspection, etc.)

7.Communication

7.1.Shift/task handover

7.2.Dissemination of information

7.3.Cultural differences

8.Teamwork

8.1.Responsibility

8.2.Management, supervision and leadership

8.3.Decision-making

9.Professionalism and integrity

9.1.Keeping up to date; currency

9.2.Avoiding error-provoking behaviour

9.3.Assertiveness

10.Organisation’s safety programme

10.1.Safety policy and objectives, just culture principles

10.2. Reporting errors and hazards, internal safety reporting scheme

10.3.Investigation process

10.4.Action to address problems

10.5.Feedback and safety promotion