147.A.100 Facility requirements
Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014
(a) The size and structure of facilities shall ensure protection from the prevailing weather elements and proper operation of all planned training and examination on any particular day.
(b) Fully enclosed appropriate accommodation separate from other facilities shall be provided for the instruction of theory and the conduct of knowledge examinations.
1. The maximum number of students undergoing knowledge training during any training course shall not exceed 28.
2. The size of accommodation for examination purposes shall be such that no student can read the paperwork or computer screen of any other student from his/her position during examinations.
(c) The point (b) accommodation environment shall be maintained such that students are able to concentrate on their studies or examination as appropriate, without undue distraction or discomfort.
(d) In the case of a basic training course, basic training workshops and/or maintenance facilities separate from training classrooms shall be provided for practical instruction appropriate to the planned training course. If, however, the organisation is unable to provide such facilities, arrangements may be made with another organisation to provide such workshops and/or maintenance facilities, in which case a written agreement shall be made with such organisation specifying the conditions of access and use thereof. The competent authority shall require access to any such contracted organisation and the written agreement shall specify this access.
(e) In the case of an aircraft type/task training course, access shall be provided to appropriate facilities containing examples of aircraft type as specified in point 147.A.115(d).
(f) The maximum number of students undergoing practical training during any training course shall not exceed 15 per supervisor or assessor.
(g) Office accommodation shall be provided for instructors, knowledge examiners and practical assessors of a standard to ensure that they can prepare for their duties without undue distraction or discomfort.
(h) Secure storage facilities shall be provided for examination papers and training records. The storage environment shall be such that documents remain in good condition for the retention period as specified in point 147.A.125. The storage facilities and office accommodation may be combined, subject to adequate security.
(i) A library shall be provided containing all technical material appropriate to the scope and level of training undertaken.
AMC 147.A.100(i) Facility requirements
ED Decision 2015/029/R
1. For approved basic maintenance training courses this means holding and ensuring reasonable access to copies of all Parts and national aviation legislation, examples of typical aircraft maintenance manuals and service bulletins, Airworthiness Directives, aircraft and component records, release documentation, procedures manuals and aircraft maintenance programmes.
2. Except for the Parts and national aviation regulations, the remainder of the documentation should represent typical examples for both large and small aircraft and cover both aeroplanes and helicopters as appropriate. Avionic documentation should cover a representative range of available equipment. All documentation should be reviewed and updated on a regular basis.
GM to 147.A.100(i) Facility requirements
ED Decision 2015/029/R
Where the organisation has an existing library of regulations, manuals and documentation required by another Part, it is not necessary to duplicate such a facility subject to student access being under controlled supervision.
147.A.105 Personnel requirements
Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014
(a) The organisation shall appoint an accountable manager who has corporate authority for ensuring that all training commitments can be financed and carried out to the standard required by this Part.
Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014
(b) A person or group of persons, whose responsibilities include ensuring that the maintenance training organisation is in compliance the requirements of this Part, shall be nominated. Such person(s) must be responsible to the accountable manager. The senior person or one person from the group of persons may also be the accountable manager subject to meeting the requirements for the accountable manager as defined in point (a).
Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014
(c) The maintenance training organisation shall contract sufficient staff to plan/perform knowledge and practical training, conduct knowledge examinations and practical assessments in accordance with the approval.
Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014
(d) By derogation to point (c), when another organisation is used to provide practical training and assessments, such other organisation's staff may be nominated to carry out practical training and assessments.
Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014
(e) Any person may carry out any combination of the roles of instructor, examiner and assessor, subject to compliance with point (f).
Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014
(f) The experience and qualifications of instructors, knowledge examiners and practical assessors shall be established in accordance with criteria published or in accordance with a procedure and to a standard agreed by the competent authority.
Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014
(g) The knowledge examiners and practical assessors shall be specified in the organisation exposition for the acceptance of such staff.
Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014
(h) Instructors and knowledge examiners shall undergo updating training at least every 24 months relevant to current technology, practical skills, human factors and the latest training techniques appropriate to the knowledge being trained or examined.
AMC 147.A.105 Personnel requirements
ED Decision 2015/029/R
1. The larger maintenance training organisation (an organisation with the capacity to provide training for 50 students or more) should appoint a training manager with the responsibility of managing the training organisation on a day-to-day basis. Such person could also be the accountable manager. In addition, the organisation should appoint a quality manager with the responsibility of managing the quality system as specified in paragraph 147.A.130(b) and an examination manager with the responsibility of managing the relevant Part-147 Subpart C or Subpart D examination system. Such person(s) may also be an instructor and/or examiner.
2. The smaller maintenance training organisation (an organisation with the capacity to provide training for less than 50 students) may combine any or all of the sub-paragraph (1) positions subject to the competent authority verifying and being satisfied that all functions can be properly carried out in combination.
3. When the organisation is also approved against other Parts which contain some similar functions then such functions may be combined.
AMC 147.A.105(b) Personnel requirements
ED Decision 2015/029/R
With the exception of the accountable manager, an EASA Form 4 should be completed for each person nominated to hold a position required by 147.A.105(b). An example of an EASA Form 4 is included in Appendix II to AMC.
GM to 147.A.105(c) Personnel requirements
ED Decision 2015/029/R
The maintenance training organisation should have a nucleus of permanently employed staff to undertake the minimum amount of maintenance training proposed but may contract, on a part-time basis, instructors for subjects which are only taught on an occasional basis.
AMC 147.A.105(f) Personnel requirements
ED Decision 2015/029/R
Any person currently accepted by the competent authority in accordance with the national aviation regulations in force prior to Part-147 coming into force may continue to be accepted in accordance with 147.A.105(f).
Paragraph 3 of Appendix III to AMC to Part-66 provides criteria to establish the qualification of assessors.
GM to 147.A.105(f) Personnel requirements
ED Decision 2015/029/R
It is recommended that potential instructors be trained in instructional techniques.
GM to 147.A.105(g) Personnel requirements
ED Decision 2015/029/R
Examiners should demonstrate a clear understanding of the examination standard required by Part-66 and have a responsible attitude to the conduct of examinations such that the highest integrity is ensured.
AMC 147.A.105(h) Personnel requirements
ED Decision 2015/029/R
Updating training should normally be of 35 hours duration but may be adjusted to the scope of training of the organisation and particular instructor/examiner.
GM to 147.A.105(h) Personnel requirements
ED Decision 2015/029/R
1. Records should show for each instructor/examiner when the updating training was scheduled and when it took place.
2. The updating training may be subdivided during the 24 months into more than one element and may include such activities as attendance at relevant lectures and symposiums.
147.A.110 Records of instructors, examiners and assessors
Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014
(a) The organisation shall maintain a record of all instructors, knowledge examiners and practical assessors. These records shall reflect the experience and qualification, training history and any subsequent training undertaken.
(b) Terms of reference shall be drawn up for all instructors, knowledge examiners and practical assessors.
AMC 147.A.110 Records of instructors, examiners and assessors
ED Decision 2015/029/R
1. The following minimum information relevant to the scope of activity should be kept on record in respect of each instructor, knowledge examiner and practical assessor:
(a) Name
(b) Date of Birth
(c) Personnel Number
(d) Experience
(e) Qualifications
(f) Training history (before entry)
(g) Subsequent Training
(h) Scope of activity
(i) Starting date of employment/contract
(j) If appropriate – ending date of employment/contract.
2. The record may be kept in any format but should be under the control of the organisations quality system.
3. Persons authorised to access the system should be maintained at a minimum to ensure that records cannot be altered in an unauthorised manner or that such confidential records become accessible to unauthorised persons.
4. The competent authority is an authorised person when investigating the records system for initial and continued approval or when the competent authority has cause to doubt the competence of a particular person.
GM to 147.A.110 Records of instructors, examiners and assessors
ED Decision 2015/029/R
Instructors, knowledge examiners and practical assessors should be provided with a copy of their terms of reference.
147.A.115 Instructional equipment
Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014
(a) Each classroom shall have appropriate presentation equipment of a standard that ensures students can easily read presentation text/drawings/diagrams and figures from any position in the classroom.
Presentation equipment shall include representative synthetic training devices to assist students in their understanding of the particular subject matter where such devices are considered beneficial for such purposes.
(b) The basic training workshops and/or maintenance facilities as specified in point 147.A.100(d) must have all tools and equipment necessary to perform the approved scope of training.
(c) The basic training workshops and/or maintenance facilities as specified in point 147.A.100(d) must have an appropriate selection of aircraft, engines, aircraft parts and avionic equipment.
(d) The aircraft type training organisation as specified in point 147.A.100(e) must have access to the appropriate aircraft type. Synthetic training devices may be used when such synthetic training devices ensure adequate training standards.
GM to 147.A.115(a) Instructional equipment
ED Decision 2015/029/R
1. Synthetic training devices are working models of a particular system or component and include computer simulations.
2. A synthetic training device is considered beneficial for complex systems and fault diagnostic purposes.
AMC 147.A.115(c) Instructional equipment
ED Decision 2015/029/R
1. An appropriate selection of aircraft parts means appropriate in relation to the particular subject module or sub-module of Part-66 being instructed. For example the turbine engine module should require the provision of sufficient parts from different types of turbine engine to show what such parts look like, what the critical areas are from a maintenance viewpoint and to enable disassembly/assembly exercises to be completed.
2. Appropriate aircraft, engines, aircraft parts and avionic equipment means appropriate in relation to the particular subject module or sub-module of Part-66 being instructed. For example category B2 avionic training should require amongst other equipment, access to at least one type of installed autopilot and flight director system such that maintenance and system functioning can be observed and therefore more fully understood by the student in the working environment.
3. ‘Access’ may be interpreted to mean, in conjunction with the facilities requirement of 147.A.100(d), that there may be an agreement with a maintenance organisation approved under Part-145 to access such parts, etc.
147.A.120 Maintenance training material
Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014
(a) Maintenance training course material shall be provided to the student and cover as applicable:
1. the basic knowledge syllabus specified in Annex III (Part-66) for the relevant aircraft maintenance licence category or subcategory and,
2. the type course content required by Annex III (Part-66) for the relevant aircraft type and aircraft maintenance licence category or subcategory.
(b) Students shall have access to examples of maintenance documentation and technical information of the library as specified in point 147.A.100(i).
AMC 147.A.120(a)Maintenance training material
ED Decision 2015/029/R
Training course notes, diagrams and any other instructional material should be accurate. Where an amendment service is not provided, a written warning to this effect should be given.
Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014
The organisation shall keep all student training, examination and assessment records for an unlimited period.
147.A.130 Training procedures and quality system
Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014
(a) The organisation shall establish procedures acceptable to the competent authority to ensure proper training standards and compliance with all relevant requirements in this Part.
(b) The organisation shall establish a quality system including:
1. an independent audit function to monitor training standards, the integrity of knowledge examinations and practical assessments, compliance with and adequacy of the procedures, and
2. a feedback system of audit findings to the person(s) and ultimately to the accountable manager referred to in point 147.A.105(a) to ensure, as necessary, corrective action.
AMC 147.A.130(a) Training procedures and quality system
ED Decision 2020/002/R
This guidance material provides some clarifications for the incorporation of new training methods and training technologies in the procedures for aircraft maintenance training.
The classic training method is a teacher lecturing the pupils in a classroom. Commonly the training tools are a blackboard and training manuals. New technologies make it possible to develop new training methods and use other training tools, e.g. multimedia-based training and virtual reality. A combination of several training methods/tools is recommended in order to increase the overall effectiveness of the training.
Simulation cannot be eligible as a sole training or assessment tool for basic hand skills such as wiring, welding, drilling, filing, wire locking, riveting, bonding or any other skill where competence may only be achievable by performing a hands-on activity.
Three tables are provided to illustrate the possibilities for the use of different training methods and tools:
Table 1: Training tools
Table 2: Training methods
Table 3: Combination of training methods and tools and their use
Table 1 lists existing training tools that may be selected for basic training.
Table 1: Training tools
|
Training tools |
Description |
|
|
1 |
Slideshow presentation |
A structured presentation of slides. |
|
2 |
Manuals |
Comprehensive and controlled publication of a particular topic. |
|
3 |
Computer (desktop PC, laptop, etc.) |
An electronic processing device that can hold and display information in various media. |
|
4 |
Mobile devices (such as, but not limited to, tablets, smart phones, etc.) |
A mobile electronic processing device that can hold and display information in various media. |
|
5 |
Videos |
Electronic media for broadcasting moving visual images. |
|
6 |
MSTD — Maintenance simulation training device |
A training device that is intended to be used in maintenance training, examination, and/or assessment for a component, system or entire aircraft. The MSTD may consist of hardware and software elements. |
|
7 |
Mock-up |
A scaled or full-size replica of a component, system or entire aircraft that preserves (i.e. is an exact replica of) the geometrical, operational or functional characteristics of the real component, system or entire aircraft for which maintenance training is delivered with the use of such a replica. |
|
8 |
Virtual reality |
A computer-generated three-dimensional (3D) environment which can be explored and possibly interacted with. |
|
9 |
MTD — Maintenance training device |
Maintenance training device is any training device other than an MSTD used for maintenance training and/or examination and/or assessment. It may include mock-ups. |
|
10 |
Real aircraft |
A suitable aircraft whose condition allows teaching a selection of maintenance tasks that are representative of the particular aircraft or of the aircraft category. ‘Suitable’ means an aircraft of the type or licence (sub)category (if the licence (sub)category aircraft is outfitted with the same equipment subject to the particular lesson module(s) and is sufficiently similar so that the lesson objective(s) can be satisfactorily accomplished) for type training, or an aircraft representative of the licence (sub)category for basic training, and excludes ‘virtual aircraft’. ‘Condition’ means that the aircraft is equipped with its main components and that the systems can be activated/operated when this is required by the learning objectives. |
|
11 |
Aircraft component |
A suitable aircraft component used to teach specific maintenance tasks off-the-wing. This may include but is not limited to tasks such as borescope inspections, minor repairs, testing, or the assembly/disassembly of sub-components. ‘Suitable’ means that the condition of the component should fit the learning objectives of the tasks and, when appropriate, may feature existing defects or damages. |
|
12 |
Augmented reality |
An enhancement (modification, enrichment, alteration or manipulation) of one’s current perception of reality elements of a physical, real-world environment following user’s inputs picked up by sensors transferred to rapid streaming computer images. By contrast, virtual reality replaces the real world with a simulated one. |
|
13 |
Embedded training |
A maintenance training function that is originally integrated into the aircraft component’s design (i.e. a centralised fault display system). |
|
14 |
Classroom |
A physical, appropriate location where learning takes place. |
|
15 |
Virtual classroom |
A simulated, not physical, location where synchronous learning takes place. |
|
16 |
Virtual aircraft |
A simulated, not physical, aircraft that may be used in theoretical training, practical training, examination or assessment. |
|
Note: Synthetic training devices (STDs) is a generic term used for systems using hardware and/or software, simulating the behaviour of one or more aircraft systems or a complete aircraft, such as maintenance simulation training devices (MSTDs), maintenance training devices (MTDs) and flight simulation training devices (FSTDs). |
||
Table 2 lists existing training methods that may be selected for basic training.
Table 2: Training methods
|
Training method |
Description |
Instructor-centred(1) |
Student-centred(2) |
Blended training(3) |
|
Assisted learning (mentoring) |
Assisted learning or mentorship represents an ongoing, close relationship of dialogue and learning between an experienced /knowledgeable instructor and a less experienced/knowledgeable student in order to develop experience/knowledge of students. |
X |
X |
X |
|
Computer-based training (CBT) |
CBT is any interactive means of structured training using a computer to deliver a content. (Note: Not to be confused with competency-based training that also uses the acronym ‘CBT’) |
X |
X |
X |
|
Demonstration |
A method of teaching by example rather than explanation. |
X |
|
X |
|
Distance learning asynchronous |
Distance learning reflects training situations in which instructors and students are physically separated. It is asynchronous if the teacher and the students do not interact at the same time. |
|
X |
X |
|
Distance learning synchronous |
Distance learning reflects training situations in which instructors and students are physically separated. It is synchronous if the teacher and the students interact at the same time (real time). |
X |
|
X |
|
e-learning |
Training via a network or electronic means, with or without the support of instructors (e-tutors). |
X |
X |
X |
|
Lecturing (instructor-led/face to face) |
Practice of face-to-face delivery of training and learning material between an instructor and students, either individuals or groups. |
X |
|
X |
|
Mobile learning (M-learning) |
Any sort of learning that happens when the student is not at a fixed, predetermined location, using mobile technologies. |
X |
X |
X |
|
Multimedia-based training(4) |
Any combined use of different training media. |
X |
X |
X |
|
Simulation |
Any type of training that uses a simulator imitating a real-world process or system. |
X |
X |
X |
|
Web-based training (WBT) |
Generic term for training or instruction delivered over the internet or an intranet using a web browser. |
X |
X |
X |
|
Note: The purpose of this table is to provide a short definition for each associated training method and to relate each method to the focus of the learning. It is not meant to comprehensively explore and identify the capabilities of each training method herein included. (1) ‘Instructor-centred’ means that the instructor is responsible for teaching the student. (2) ‘Student-centred’ means that the student is responsible for the learning progress. (3) ‘Blended training’ includes different instructional methods and tools, different delivery methods, different scheduling (synchronous/asynchronous) or different levels of guidance. Blended training allows the integration of a range of learning opportunities. (4) ‘Multimedia-based training’ by definition uses various media to achieve its objective, thus, none of the single media listed is per se a complete solution for training. |
||||
Table 3 presents the combination of training methods and tools that may be taken into account for theoretical and practical training.
The table is intended to support potential delivery methods. Additional training methods and further use of those methods could be acceptable to the competent authority when demonstrated as supporting learning objectives.
Table 3 Combination of training methods and tools and their use
|
Training method |
Training tools |
Theoretical elements |
Practical elements |
OJT |
Learning objectives |
||||
|
See Table 2 |
See Table 1 |
Level |
Level |
Level |
Knowledge |
Skills |
Attitude |
||
|
Lecturing |
1,2,3,5,6,7,8,9,10 11,12,13,14,16 |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X Only type |
X |
X |
X Only type |
|
Assisted learning (mentoring) |
1,2,3,5,6,7,8,9, 10,11,12,13,14, 15,16 |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X Only type |
X |
X |
X Only type |
|
e-learning |
1,2,3,4,5,8,12, 14,15,16 |
X |
X |
X(1) |
X(1) |
|
X |
X(1) |
X(1) |
|
Computer-based training |
1,2,3,4,5,8,12, 14,15,16 |
X |
X |
X |
X(1) |
|
X Only type |
X(1) |
|
|
Multimedia-based training |
1,2,3,4,5,8,12, 13,14,15,16 |
X |
X |
X |
X(1) |
|
X Only type |
X(1) |
X(1) |
|
Web-based training (WBT) |
1,2,3,4,5,8,12, 14,15,16 |
X |
X |
X(1) |
X(1) |
|
X Only type |
X(1) Only type |
X(1) |
|
M-learning |
1,2,3,4,5,12,15, 16 |
X |
X |
X(1) |
X(1) |
|
X(1) Type unlimited |
X(1) |
|
|
Distance learning synchronous |
1,2,3,4,5,8,15, 16 |
X |
X |
X(1) |
X(1) |
|
X(1) Type unlimited |
X(1) |
X(1) Only type |
|
Distance learning asynchronous |
1,2,3,4,5,8,16 |
X |
X |
X(1) |
|
|
X(1) Type unlimited |
X(1) |
X(1) Only type |
|
Demonstration |
1,2,3,5,6,7,8,9, 10,11,12,13,14, 15,16 |
X |
X |
X(1) |
X |
X(1) Only type |
X |
X |
X(1) Only type |
|
Simulation |
1,3,4,6,7,8,9, 10,12,14, 15(1), 16 |
X |
X |
X(1) |
X |
|
X |
X |
X Only type |
|
This table relates a given training method to a list of acceptable training tools (code), oriented to deliver the theoretical elements, practical elements or on-the-job training associated with their specific learning objectives. |
|||||||||
|
(1) Limited suitability. It means that the respective training method may be used but with limited results, thus requiring the support of a complementary training method to fulfil the learning objectives. NOTE: Instructor (human) involvement should be considered in Basic Knowledge Modules 9A/9B. |
|||||||||
AMC 147.A.130(b) Training procedures and quality system
ED Decision 2015/029/R
1. The independent audit procedure should ensure that all aspects of Part-147 compliance should be checked at least once in every 12 months and may be carried out as one complete single exercise or subdivided over a 12-month period in accordance with a scheduled plan.
2. In a small maintenance training organisation the independent audit function may be contracted to another maintenance training organisation approved under Part-147 or a competent person acceptable to the competent authority. Where the small training organisation chooses to contract the audit function it is conditional on the audit being carried out twice in every 12 month period with one such audit being unannounced.
3. Where the maintenance training organisation is also approved to another Part requiring a quality system, then such quality systems may be combined.
4. When training or examination is carried out under the sub-contract control system:
(i) a pre audit procedure should be established whereby the Part-147 approved maintenance training organisation’ should audit a prospective sub-contractor to determine whether the services of the sub-contractor meet the intent of Part-147.
(ii) a renewal audit of the subcontractor should be performed at least once every 12 months to ensure continuous compliance with the Part-147 standard.
(iii) the sub-contract control procedure should record audits of the sub-contractor and to have a corrective action follow-up plan.
5. The independence of the audit system should be established by always ensuring that audits are carried out by personnel not responsible for the function or procedure being checked.
GM to 147.A.130(b) Training procedures and quality system
ED Decision 2015/029/R
1. The primary objective of the quality system is to enable the training organisation to satisfy itself that it can deliver properly trained students and that the organisation remains in compliance with Part-147.
2. The independent audit is a process of routine sample checks of all aspects of the training organisation’s ability to carry out all training and examinations to the required standards. It represents an overview of the complete training system and does not replace the need for instructors to ensure that they carry out training to the required standard.
3. A report should be raised each time an audit is carried out describing what was checked and any resulting findings. The report should be sent to the affected department(s) for rectification action giving target rectification dates. Possible rectification dates may be discussed with the affected department(s) before the quality department confirms such dates on the report. The affected department(s) should rectify any findings and inform the quality department of such rectification.
4. A large training organisation (an organisation with the capacity to provide training for 50 students or more) should have a dedicated quality audit group whose sole function is to conduct audits, raise finding reports and follow up to ensure that findings are being rectified. For the small training organisation (an organisation with the capacity to provide training for less than 50 students) it is acceptable to use competent personnel from one section/department not responsible for the function or procedure to check the section/department that is responsible subject to the overall planning and implementation being under the control of the quality manager.
5. The management control and follow up system should not be contracted to outside persons. The principal function is to ensure that all findings resulting from the independent audit are corrected in a timely manner and to enable the accountable manager to remain properly informed of the state of compliance. Apart from rectification of findings the accountable manager should hold routine meetings to check progress on rectification except that in the large training organisation such meetings may be delegated on a day to day basis to the quality manager as long as the accountable manager meets at least once per year with the senior staff involved to review the overall performance.
Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014
(a) The examination staff shall ensure the security of all questions.
(b) Any student found during a knowledge examination to be cheating or in possession of material pertaining to the examination subject other than the examination papers and associated authorised documentation shall be disqualified from taking the examination and may not take any examination for at least 12 months after the date of the incident. The competent authority shall be informed of any such incident together with the details of any enquiry within one calendar month.
(c) Any examiner found during a knowledge examination to be providing question answers to any student being examined shall be disqualified from acting as an examiner and the examination declared void. The competent authority must be informed of any such occurrence within one calendar month.
ED Decision 2015/029/R
1. Examinations may be computer- or hard-copy-based or a combination of both.
2. The actual questions to be used in a particular examination should be determined by the examiners.
ED Decision 2015/029/R
The competent authority will determine when or if the disqualified examiner may be reinstated.
147.A.140 Maintenance training organisation exposition
Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014
(a) The organisation shall provide an exposition for use by the organisation describing the organisation and its procedures and containing the following information:
1. a statement signed by the accountable manager confirming that the maintenance training organisation exposition and any associated manuals define the maintenance training organisation's compliance with this Part and shall be complied with at all times.
2. the title(s) and name(s) of the person(s) nominated in accordance with point 147.A.105(b).
3. the duties and responsibilities of the person(s) specified in point 2, including matters on which they may deal directly with the competent authority on behalf of the maintenance training organisation.
4. a maintenance training organisation chart showing associated chains of responsibility of the person(s) specified in point (a)(2).
5. a list of the training instructors, knowledge examiners and practical assessors.
6. a general description of the training and examination facilities located at each address specified in the maintenance training organisation's approval certificate, and if appropriate any other location, as required by point 147.A.145(b).
7. a list of the maintenance training courses which form the extent of the approval.
8. the maintenance training organisation's exposition amendment procedure.
9. the maintenance training organisation's procedures, as required by point 147.A.130(a).
10. the maintenance training organisation's control procedure, as required by 147.A.145(c), when authorised to conduct training, examination and assessments in locations different from those specified in point 147.A.145(b).
11. a list of the locations pursuant to point 147.A.145(b).
12. a list of organisations, if appropriate, as specified in point 147.A.145(d).
(b) The maintenance training organisation's exposition and any subsequent amendments shall be approved by the competent authority.
(c) Notwithstanding point (b) minor amendments to the exposition may be approved through an exposition procedure (hereinafter called indirect approval).
AMC 147.A.140 Maintenance training organisation exposition
ED Decision 2015/029/R
1. A recommended format of the exposition is included in Appendix I.
2. When the maintenance training organisation is approved in accordance with any other Part which also requires an exposition, the exposition required by the other Part may form the basis of the maintenance training organisation exposition in a combined document, as long as the other exposition contains the information required by 147.A.140 and a cross reference index is included based upon Appendix I.
3. When training or examination is carried out under the sub-contract control system the maintenance training organisation exposition should contain a specific procedure on the control of sub-contractors as per Appendix 1 item 2.18 plus a list of sub-contractors as required by 147.A.140(a)12 and detailed in Appendix I item 1.7.
4. The competent authority may approve a delegated exposition approval system for all changes other than those affecting the approval.
147.A.145 Privileges of the maintenance training organisation
Regulation (EU) 2018/1142
(a) The maintenance training organisation may carry out the following as permitted by and in accordance with the maintenance training organisation exposition:
(i) basic training courses to the Annex III (Part-66) syllabus, or part thereof;
(ii) aircraft type/task training courses in accordance with Annex III (Part-66);
(iii) the examination of students who attended the basic or aircraft type training course at the maintenance training organisation;
(iv) the examination of students who did not attend the aircraft type training course at the maintenance training organisation;
(v) the examination of students who did not attend the basic training course at the maintenance training organisation, provided that:
(1) the examination is conducted at one of the locations identified in the approval certificate, or
(2) if performed at locations not identified in the approval certificate, as permitted by points (b) and (c), either
the examination is provided through a European Central Question Bank (ECQB), or
in the absence of an ECQB, the competent authority selects the questions for the examination;
(vi) the issue of certificates in accordance with Appendix III following successful completion of the approved basic or aircraft type training courses and examinations specified in points (a)(i), (a)(ii), (a)(iii), (a)(iv) and (a)(v), as applicable.
(b) Training, knowledge examinations and practical assessments may only be carried out at the locations identified in the approval certificate and/or at any location specified in the maintenance training organisation exposition.
(c) By derogation to point (b), the maintenance training organisation may only conduct training, knowledge examinations and practical assessments in locations different from the point (b) locations in accordance with a control procedure specified in the maintenance training organisation exposition. Such locations need not be listed in the maintenance training organisation exposition.
(d) 1. The maintenance training organisation may subcontract the conduct of basic theoretical training, type training and related examinations to a non maintenance training organisation only when under the control of the maintenance training organisation quality system.
2. The subcontracting of basic theoretical training and examination is limited to Annex III (Part-66), Appendix I, Modules 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9 and 10.
3. The subcontracting of type training and examination is limited to powerplant and avionic systems.
(e) An organisation may not be approved to conduct examinations unless approved to conduct the corresponding training.
(f) By derogation from point (e), an organisation approved to provide basic knowledge training or type training may also be approved to provide type examination in the cases where type training is not required.
AMC 147.A.145(d) Privileges of the maintenance training organisation
ED Decision 2015/029/R
1. When training or examination is carried out under the sub-contract control system it means that for the duration of such training or examination, the Part-147 approval has been temporarily extended to include the sub-contractor. It therefore follows that those parts of the sub-contractor’s facilities, personnel and procedures involved with the Part-147 approved maintenance training organisation’s students should meet requirements of Part-147 for the duration of that training or examination and it remains the Part-147 organisation’s responsibility to ensure such requirements are satisfied.
2. The maintenance training organisation approved under Part-147 is not required to have complete facilities and personnel for training that it needs to sub-contract but it should have its own expertise to determine that the sub-contractor meets the Part-147 standards. Particular attention should be given to ensuring that the training that is delivered also meets the requirements of Part-66 and the aircraft technologies are appropriate.
3. The contract between the maintenance training organisation approved under Part-147 and the sub-contractor should contain:
a provision for the Agency and the competent authority to have right of access to the sub-contractor;
a provision for the sub-contractor to inform the Part-147 approved maintenance training organisation of any change that may affect its Part-147 approval, before any such change takes place.
GM 147.A.145(d) Privileges of the maintenance training organisation
ED Decision 2015/029/R
1. The pre audit procedure should focus on establishing compliance with the training and examination standards set out in Part-147 and Part-66.
2. The fundamental reason for allowing a maintenance training organisation approved under Part-147 to sub-contract certain basic theoretical training courses is to permit the approval of maintenance training organisations, which may not have the capacity to conduct training courses on all Part-66 modules.
3. The reason for allowing the subcontracting of training modules 1 to 6 and 8 to 10 only is, most of the related subjects can generally also be taught by training organisations not specialised in aircraft maintenance and the practical training element as specified in 147.A.200 does not apply to them. On the contrary, training modules 7 and 11 to 17 are specific to aircraft maintenance and include the practical training element as specified in 147.A.200. The intent of the ‘limited subcontracting’ option as specified in 147.A.145 is to grant Part-147 approvals only to those organisations having themselves at least the capacity to teach on aircraft maintenance specific matters.
GM 147.A.145(d)3 Privileges of the maintenance training organisation
ED Decision 2015/029/R
In the case of type training and examination, the reason for allowing only subcontracting to powerplant and avionic systems is that the related subjects can generally also be imparted by certain organisations specialised in these domains such as the Type Certificate Holder of the powerplant or the OEMs of these avionics systems. In such a case, the type training course should make clear how the interfaces with the airframe are addressed and by whom (the subcontracted organisation or the Part-147 organisation itself).
AMC 147.A.145(f) Privileges of the maintenance training organisation
ED Decision 2015/029/R
When an organisation approved to provide basic knowledge training or type training is also approved to provide type examination in the cases where type training is not required, appropriate procedures in the MTOE should be developed and approved, including:
The development and the conduct of the type examination;
The qualification of the examiners and their currency.
In particular, emphasis should be put when such an examination is not regularly conducted or when the examiners are not normally involved in aircraft or activities with technology corresponding to the aircraft type subject to examination. An example would be the case of an organisation providing basic knowledge training only for the B1.1 license. This organisation should justify how they run type examinations for single piston-engine helicopters in the case of a B1.4 licence.
147.A.150 Changes to the maintenance training organisation
Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014
(a) The maintenance training organisation shall notify the competent authority of any proposed changes to the organisation that affect the approval before any such change takes place, in order to enable the competent authority to determine continued compliance with this Part and to amend if necessary the maintenance training organisation approval certificate.
(b) The competent authority may prescribe the conditions under which the maintenance training organisation may operate during such changes unless the competent authority determines that the maintenance training organisation approval must be suspended.
(c) Failure to inform the competent authority of such changes may result in suspension or revocation of the maintenance training organisation approval certificate backdated to the actual date of the changes.
Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014
(a) An approval shall be issued for an unlimited duration. It shall remain valid subject to:
1. the organisation remaining in compliance with this Part, in accordance with the provisions related to the handling of findings as specified in point 147.B.130; and
2. the competent authority being granted access to the organisation to determine continued compliance with this Annex (Part-147); and
3. the certificate not being surrendered or revoked.
(b) Upon surrender or revocation, the approval shall be returned to the competent authority.
Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014
(a) A level 1 finding is one or more of the following:
1. any significant non-compliance with the examination process which would invalidate the examination(s),
2. failure to give the competent authority access to the organisation's facilities during normal operating hours after two written requests,
3. the lack of an accountable manager,
4. a significant non-compliance with the training process.
(b) A level 2 finding is any non-compliance with the training process other than level 1 findings.
(c) After receipt of notification of findings according to point 147.B.130, the holder of the maintenance training organisation approval shall define a corrective action plan and demonstrate corrective action to the satisfaction of the competent authority within a period agreed with this authority.