Regulation (EU) No 139/2014
THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION,
Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,
Having regard to Regulation (EC) No 216/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 February 2008 on common rules in the field of civil aviation and establishing a European Aviation Safety Agency, and repealing Council Directive 91/670/EEC, Regulation (EC) No 1592/2002 and Directive 2004/36/EC (4OJ L 79, 13.3.2008, p. 1.), amended by Regulation (EC) No 1108/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 October 2009 (5OJ L 309, 24.11.2009, p. 51.), and in particular Article 8a(5) thereof,
Whereas:
(1) Regulation (EC) No 216/2008 aims at establishing and maintaining a high uniform level of civil aviation safety in Europe.
(2) The implementation of Regulation (EC) No 216/2008 requires the establishment of detailed Implementing Rules, in particular concerning the safety regulation of aerodromes, in order to maintain a high uniform level of civil aviation safety in the Union while pursuing the objective of an overall improvement in aerodrome safety.
(3) It requires the Commission to adopt the necessary Implementing Rules for establishing the conditions for the design and safe operation of aerodromes referred to in Article 8a(5) before 31 December 2013.
(4) In order to ensure a smooth transition and a high level of civil aviation safety in the Union, the Implementing Rules should reflect the state of the art and the best practices in the field of aerodromes; take into account the applicable International Civil Aviation Organization (hereinafter referred to as ‘ICAO’) Standards and Recommended Practices, thereby respecting ICAO's respective classification throughout the system of rules; and worldwide aerodrome operation experience, and scientific and technical progress in the field of aerodromes; be proportionate to the size, traffic, category and complexity of the aerodrome and nature and volume of operations thereon; provide for the necessary flexibility for customised compliance; and cater for the cases of aerodrome infrastructure which has been developed, prior to the entry into force of this Regulation, in accordance with the different requirements contained in the national legislations of the Member States.
(5) It is necessary to provide sufficient time for the aerodrome industry and Member States administrations to adapt to the new regulatory framework and to verify the continued validity of certificates issued before the entry into force of this Regulation.
(6) With a view to ensuring uniformity in the application of common requirements, it is essential that common standards be applied by the Competent Authorities and, where applicable, the Agency when assessing compliance with these requirements; the Agency should develop Acceptable Means of Compliance and Guidance Material to facilitate the necessary regulatory uniformity. The common requirements should cater for identical processes within the competent authorities across the different aviation domains. They should not prevent, however, the application of slightly different processes if and where necessary or beneficial, for example in the case of separate overseeing entities for aerodromes and air operations. The safety objective of these requirements should remain unaffected by the different ways of technical compliance.
(7) With regard to obstacle management in the aerodrome surroundings as well as to other activities taking place outside the aerodrome’s boundary each Member State may designate different authorities and other entities in charge of monitoring, assessment and mitigation risks. The aim of this Regulation is not to change current allocation of tasks within the Member State. However a seamless organisation of the competences regarding the safeguarding of aerodrome surroundings and the monitoring and mitigating of risk caused by human activities should be ensured in each Member State. It should therefore be ensured that authorities which are entrusted with responsibilities of safeguarding the surrounding of aerodromes have the adequate competencies to fulfil their obligations.
(8) Specific services referred to in subpart B of Annex IV (Part ADR.OPS) should be provided at an aerodrome. In some cases these services are not directly provided by the aerodrome operator, but by another organisation or State entity, or combination of both. In such cases the aerodrome operator, being responsible for the operation of the aerodrome, should have arrangements and interfaces with these organisations or entities in place to ensure the provision of services according to the requirements stated in Annex IV. When such arrangements and interfaces are in place the aerodrome operator should be considered as having discharged their responsibility and should not be understood to be directly responsible or liable for any non-compliances by another entity involved in the arrangement, provided that it has complied with all applicable requirements and obligations laid down in this Regulation relevant to its responsibility under the arrangement.
(9) Regulation (EC) No 216/2008 only concerns aerodrome certificates to be issued by Competent Authorities in so far as safety aspects are concerned. Therefore, non-safety related aspects of existing national aerodrome certificates remain unaffected.
(10) The measures provided for in this Regulation are based on the Opinion issued by the European Aviation Safety Agency in accordance with Articles 17(2)(b) and 19(1) of Regulation (EC) No 216/2008.
(11) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee established by Article 65 of Regulation (EC) No 216/2008,
HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:
Article 1 Subject matter and scope
Delegated Regulation (EU) 2020/1234
1. This Regulation lays down detailed rules on:
(a) the conditions for establishing and notifying to the applicant the certification basis applicable to an aerodrome as set out in Annex II and Annex III;
(b) the conditions for issuing, maintaining, amending, limiting, suspending or revoking certificates for aerodromes, certificates for organisations responsible for the operation of aerodromes, including operating limitations related to the specific design of the aerodrome as set out in Annex II and Annex III;
(c) the conditions for operating an aerodrome in compliance with the essential requirements set out in Annex Va and, if applicable, Annex Vb to Regulation (EC) No 216/2008 as set out in Annex IV;
(d) the responsibilities of the holders of certificates as set out in Annex III;
(e) the conditions for the acceptance and for the conversion of existing aerodrome certificates issued by Member States;
(f) the conditions for the decision not to permit exemptions referred to in Article 4(3b) of Regulation (EC) No 216/2008, including criteria for cargo aerodromes, the notification of exempted aerodromes and for the review of granted exemptions;
(g) the conditions under which operations shall be prohibited, limited or subject to certain conditions in the interest of safety as set out in Annex III;
(h) conditions and procedures for the declaration by and for the oversight of organisations responsible for the provision of apron management services referred to in Article 37(2) of Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 of the European Parliament and of the Council6 Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 July 2018 on common rules in the field of civil aviation and establishing a European Union Aviation Safety Agency, and amending Regulations (EC) No 2111/2005, (EC) No 1008/2008, (EU) No 996/2010, (EU) No 376/2014 and Directives 2014/30/EU and 2014/53/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, and repealing Regulations (EC) No 552/2004 and (EC) No 216/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council and Council Regulation (EEC) No 3922/91 (OJ L 212, 22.8.2018, p. 1). as set out in Annexes II and III.
2. Competent Authorities involved in the certification and oversight of aerodromes, aerodrome operators and apron management service providers shall comply with the requirements laid down in Annex II.
3. Aerodrome operators and organisations responsible for providing apron management service shall comply with the requirements laid down in Annexes III and IV.
Regulation (EU) No 139/2014
For the purpose of this Regulation, the following definitions shall apply:
(1) 'aerodrome’ means a defined area (including any buildings, installations and equipment) on land or water or on a fixed, fixed offshore or floating structure intended to be used either wholly or in part for the arrival, departure and surface movement of aircraft;
(2) 'aeroplane’ means a power-driven heavier-than-air aircraft, deriving its lift in flight chiefly from aerodynamic reactions on surfaces which remain fixed under given conditions of flight;
(3) 'aircraft’ means a machine that can derive support in the atmosphere from the reactions of the air other than the reactions of the air against the earth’s surface;
(4) ‘apron’ means a defined area intended to accommodate aircraft for purposes of loading or unloading passengers, mail or cargo, fuelling, parking or maintenance;
(5) 'apron management service’ means a service provided to manage the activities and the movement of aircraft and vehicles on an apron;
(6) ‘audit’ means a systematic, independent and documented process for obtaining evidence and evaluating it objectively to determine the extent to which requirements are complied with;
(7) 'certification specifications’ mean technical standards adopted by the Agency indicating means to show compliance with Regulation (EC) No 216/2008 and its Implementing Rules and which can be used by an organisation for the purpose of certification;
(8) 'Competent Authority’ means an authority designated within each Member State with the necessary powers and responsibilities for the certification and oversight of aerodromes, as well as personnel and organisations involved therein;
(9) ‘continuing oversight’ means the tasks which are conducted for the implementation of the oversight programme at any time by the Competent Authority to verify that the conditions under which a certificate has been granted continue to be fulfilled during its period of validity;
(10) 'Deviation Acceptance and Action Document’ (DAAD) means a document established by the Competent Authority to compile evidence provided to justify the acceptance of deviations from the certification specifications issued by the Agency;
(11) 'inspection’ means an independent evaluation by observation and judgement accompanied as appropriate by measurement, testing or gauging, in order to verify compliance with applicable requirements;
(12) 'movement’ means either a take-off or landing;
(13) 'obstacle’ means all fixed (whether temporary or permanent) and mobile objects, or parts thereof, that:
— are located on an area intended for the surface movement of aircraft; or
— extend above a defined surface intended to protect aircraft in flight; or
— stand outside those defined surfaces and that have been assessed as being a hazard to air navigation;
(14) 'obstacle limitation surface’ means a surface that define the limits to which objects may project into the airspace;
(15) 'obstacle protection surface’ means a surface established for visual approach slope indicator system above which objects or extensions of existing objects shall not be permitted except when, in the opinion of the appropriate authority, the new object or extension would be shielded by an existing immovable object;
ED Decision 2014/012/R
‘Guidance Material’ (GM) means non-binding material developed by the Agency that helps to illustrate the meaning of a requirement or specification, and is used to support the interpretation of the Basic Regulation, its Implementing Rules, and AMC.
Delegated Regulation (EU) 2020/1234
2. The Competent Authority shall be independent from aerodrome operators and providers of apron management services. This independence shall be achieved through separation, at functional level at least, between the Competent Authority and these aerodrome operators and providers of apron management services. Member States shall ensure that Competent Authorities exercise their powers impartially and transparently.
3. If a Member State designates more than one entity as Competent Authority the following conditions shall be fulfilled:
(a) each Competent Authority shall be responsible for specifically defined tasks and a determined geographic area; and
(b) coordination shall be established between these Authorities in order to ensure effective oversight of all aerodromes and aerodrome operators, as well as providers of apron management services.
4. Member States shall ensure that Competent Authority(ies) has(ve) the necessary capabilities and resources to fulfil their requirements under this Regulation.
5. Member States shall ensure that Competent Authorities’ personnel do not perform oversight activities when there is evidence that this could result directly or indirectly in a conflict of interest, in particular when relating to family or financial interest.
6. Personnel authorised by the Competent Authority to carry out certification and/or oversight tasks shall be empowered to perform at least the following tasks:
(a) examine the records, data, procedures and any other material relevant to the execution of the certification and/or oversight task;
(b) take away copies of or extracts from such records, data, procedures and other material;
(c) ask for an oral explanation on-site;
(d) enter aerodromes, relevant premises, operating sites or other relevant areas and means of transport;
(e) perform audits, investigations, tests, exercises, assessments, inspections;
(f) take or initiate enforcement measures as appropriate.
7. The tasks in paragraph 6 shall be carried out in compliance with the national legislation of the Member States.
GM1 to Article 3.2 Oversight of aerodromes
ED Decision 2014/012/R
FUNCTIONAL SEPARATION
Functional separation means that a Competent Authority may be engaged in operational activities and the oversight of organisations in the same domain provided that the different functions are clearly separated and that the organisational governance ensures effective oversight by avoiding conflicts of interest by personnel and prevent their engagement in operational activities of the entities that they are meant to oversee. This could be achieved by applying appropriate management and control mechanisms.
Article 4 Information to the European Aviation Safety Agency
Regulation (EU) No 139/2014
Within three months after the entry into force of this Regulation the Member States shall inform the European Aviation Safety Agency ('the Agency') of the names, locations, ICAO airport codes of the aerodromes and the names of aerodrome operators, as well as the number of passengers and cargo movements of the aerodromes to which the provisions of Regulation (EC) No 216/2008 and this Regulation apply.
Regulation (EU) No 139/2014
1. The Member State shall notify the Agency about their decision to grant an exemption in accordance with Article 4(3b) of Regulation (EC) No 216/2008, within one month following the, decision being taken. The information transmitted to the Agency shall include the list of aerodromes concerned, the name of the aerodrome operator and the number of passengers and cargo movements of the aerodrome of the relevant year.
2. The Member State shall on an annual basis examine the traffic figures of an exempted aerodrome. If the traffic figures at such an aerodrome have exceeded those provided for in Article 4(3b) of Regulation (EC) No 216/2008 over the last three consecutive years they shall inform the Agency and revoke the exemption.
3. The Commission may at any time decide not to permit an exemption in the following cases:
(a) the general safety objectives of Regulation (EC) 216/2008 are not met;
(b) the relevant passenger and cargo traffic figures have been exceeded over the last three consecutive years;
(c) where the exemption does not comply with any other relevant EU legislation.
4. Where the Commission decided that exemption is not allowed, the Member State concerned shall revoke the exemption.
Article 6 Conversion of certificates
Regulation (EU) No 139/2014
1. Certificates issued by the Competent Authority prior to 31 December 2014 on the basis of national legislations shall remain valid until they are issued in accordance with this Article, or if no such certificates are issued, 31 December 2017.
2. Before the end of the period specified in paragraph 1, the Competent Authority shall issue certificates for the aerodromes and aerodrome operators concerned, if the following conditions are met:
(a) the certification basis referred to in Annex II has been established using the certification specifications issued by the Agency, including any cases of equivalent level of safety and special conditions which have been identified and documented;
(b) the certificate holder has demonstrated compliance with the certification specifications which are different from the national requirements on which the existing certificate was issued;
(c) the certificate holder has demonstrated compliance with those requirements of Regulation (EC) No 216/2008 and its Implementing Rules which are applicable to its organisation and its operation and which are different from the national requirements on which the existing certificate was issued.
3. By way of derogation from paragraph 2 point (b), the Competent Authority may decide to waiver demonstration of compliance if it considers that this demonstration creates an excessive or disproportionate effort.
4. The Competent Authority shall keep records, for a minimum period of five years, of the documents related to the conversion of certificates procedure.
Article 7 Deviations from certification specifications
Regulation (EU) No 139/2014
1. The Competent Authority may, until 31 December 2024, accept applications for a certificate including deviations from the certification specifications issued by the Agency, if the following conditions are met:
(a) the deviations do not qualify as an equivalent level of safety case under ADR.AR.C.020, nor qualify as a case of special condition under ADR.AR.C.025 of Annex II to this Regulation;
(b) the deviations existed prior to the entry into force of this Regulation;
(c) the essential requirements of Annex Va to Regulation (EC) No 216/2008 are respected by the deviations, supplemented by mitigating measures and corrective actions as appropriate;
(d) a supporting safety assessment for each deviation has been completed.
2. The Competent Authority shall compile the evidence supporting the fulfilment of the conditions referred to in paragraph 1 in a Deviation Acceptance and Action Document (DAAD). The DAAD shall be attached to the certificate. The Competent Authority shall specify the period of validity of the DAAD.
3. The aerodrome operator and the Competent Authority shall verify that the conditions referred to in paragraph 1 continue to be fulfilled. If such is not the case the DAAD shall be amended, suspended or withdrawn.
Article 8 Safeguarding of aerodrome surroundings
Regulation (EU) No 139/2014
1. Member States shall ensure that consultations are conducted with regard to safety impacts of constructions proposed to be built within the limits of the obstacle limitation and protection surfaces as well as other surfaces associated with the aerodrome.
2. Member States shall ensure that consultations are conducted with regard to safety impacts of constructions proposed to be built beyond the limits of the obstacle limitation and protection surfaces as well as other surfaces associated with the aerodrome and which exceed the height established by Member States.
3. Member States shall ensure coordination of the safeguarding of aerodromes located near national borders with other Member States.
GM1 to Article 8 Safeguarding of aerodrome surroundings
ED Decision 2014/012/R
OTHER SURFACES
Other surfaces associated with the aerodrome are surfaces that need to be established when operating in accordance with ICAO PANS-OPS Doc 8168 (Procedures for Air Navigation Services - Aircraft Operations), Volume II, as adopted into the national law. The term ‘surfaces’ in this meaning is not used uniformly in different sources of information where also terms ‘area’ or ‘zone’ may be used.
Article 9 Monitoring of aerodrome surroundings
Regulation (EU) No 139/2014
Member States shall ensure that consultations are conducted with regard to human activities and land use such as:
(a) any development or change in land use in the aerodrome area;
(b) any development which may create obstacle-induced turbulence that could be hazardous to aircraft operations;
(c) the use of hazardous, confusing and misleading lights;
(d) the use of highly reflective surfaces which may cause dazzling;
(e) the creation of areas that might encourage wildlife activity harmful to aircraft operations;
(f) sources of non-visible radiation or the presence of moving or fixed objects which may interfere with, or adversely affect, the performance of aeronautical communications, navigation and surveillance systems.
Article 10 Wildlife hazard management
Regulation (EU) No 139/2014
1. Member States shall ensure that wildlife strike hazards are assessed through:
(a) the establishment of a national procedure for recording and reporting wildlife strikes to aircraft;
(b) the collection of information from aircraft operators, aerodrome personnel and other sources on the presence of wildlife constituting a potential hazard to aircraft operations; and
(c) an ongoing evaluation of the wildlife hazard by competent personnel.
2. Member States shall ensure that wildlife strike reports are collected and forwarded to ICAO for inclusion in the ICAO Bird Strike Information System (IBIS) database.
Article 11 Entry into force and application
Delegated Regulation (EU) 2020/1234
1. This Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.
2. Competent Authorities involved in the certification and oversight of aerodromes, aerodrome operators and apron management service providers shall comply with the requirements laid down in Annex II to this Regulation before 31 December 2017.
3. Annexes III and IV shall apply to aerodromes certified in accordance with Article 6 from the date of issuance of the certificate.
4. Aerodromes whose certification procedure was initiated before 31 December 2014, but have not been issued with a certificate by this date, shall only be issued a certificate when they comply with this Regulation.
This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.
Done at Brussels, 12 February 2014.
For the Commission
The President
José Manuel BARROSO