CS 25.1541 General

ED Decision 2003/2/RM

(See AMC 25.1541)

(a) The aeroplane must contain –

(1) The specified markings and placards; and

(2) Any additional information, instrument markings, and placards required for the safe operation if there are unusual design, operating, or handling characteristics.

(b) Each marking and placard prescribed in sub-paragraph (a) of this paragraph –

(1) Must be displayed in a conspicuous place; and

(2) May not be easily erased, disfigured, or obscured.

AMC 25.1541 Markings and placards — General

ED Decision 2021/015/R

Markings or placards should be placed close to or on (as appropriate) the instrument or control with which they are associated. The terminology and units used should be consistent with those used in the Flight Manual. The units used for markings and placards should be those that are read on the relevant associated instrument.

Publications which are considered to provide appropriate standards for the design substantiation and certification of symbolic placards may include, but are not limited to, ‘General Aviation Manufacturers Association (GAMA) Publication No. 15 — Symbolic Messages’, Initial Issue, 1 March 2014.

EASA accepts the relevant parts of Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) AC 25-17A ‘Transport Airplane Cabin Interiors Crashworthiness Handbook’, of 24 May 2016, as an acceptable means of compliance with CS 25.1541.

Note: ‘relevant parts’ means the AC 25-17A parts that address the applicable Federal Aviation Regulation (FAR)/CS-25 paragraph(s).

[Amdt 25/19]

[Amdt 25/27]

CS 25.1543 Instrument markings; general

ED Decision 2003/2/RM

(See AMC 25.1543)

For each instrument –

(a) When markings are on the cover glass of the instrument, there must be means to maintain the correct alignment of the glass cover with the face of the dial; and

(b) Each instrument marking must be clearly visible to the appropriate crew member.

AMC 25.1543 Instrument Markings - General

ED Decision 2003/2/RM

The markings should be such that the instrument remains easily readable with the minimum of confusion.

CS 25.1545 Airspeed limitation information

ED Decision 2016/010/R

(See AMC 25.1545)

The airspeed limitations required by CS 25.1583(a) must be easily read and understood by the flight crew.

[Amdt 25/18]

AMC 25.1545 Airspeed limitation information

ED Decision 2003/2/RM

A placard could be used when the speed limitation can be a simple presentation (e.g. an IAS speed up to a given altitude and an indicated Mach number thereafter). A complex speed limitation should be presented automatically on the instrument, (e.g. by means of an additional moving pointer).

CS 25.1547 Magnetic direction indicator

ED Decision 2003/2/RM

(a) A placard meeting the requirements of this paragraph must be installed on, or near, the magnetic direction indicator.

(b) The placard must show the calibration of the instrument in level flight with the engines operating.

(c) The placard must state whether the calibration was made with radio receivers on or off.

(d) Each calibration reading must be in terms of magnetic heading in not more than 45° increments.

CS 25.1549 Powerplant instruments

ED Decision 2003/2/RM

(See AMC 25.1549)

For each required powerplant instrument, as appropriate to the type of instrument:

(a) Each maximum and, if applicable, minimum safe operating limit must be marked with a red radial or a red line;

(b) Each normal operating range must be marked with a green arc or green line, not extending beyond the maximum and minimum safe limits;

(c) Each take-off and precautionary range must be marked with a yellow arc or a yellow line; and

(d) Each engine or propeller speed range that is restricted because of excessive vibration stresses must be marked with red arcs or red lines.

AMC 25.1549 Powerplant instruments

ED Decision 2003/2/RM

1 Powerplant instrument range markings are intended to indicate to flight crew members, at a glance, that the powerplant operation is being accomplished in a safe or desirable, undesirable but allowable, or unsafe region. The colour red indicates an unsafe condition which requires immediate and precise action by the flight crew. The use of multiple red lines should be avoided to minimise confusion.

2 A precautionary range is a range where limited operation is permissible, as indicated in the aeroplane Flight Manual. Experience has shown that to satisfy the requirement for clearly visible markings, the following minimum dimensions should be observed.

a. Red, yellow and green lines. 1.3 mm (0·05 inch) wide and 7.6 mm (0·3 inch) long.

b. Red, yellow and green arcs and areas. 2.5 mm (0·1 inch) wide, length as required.

CS 25.1551 Oil quantity indicator

ED Decision 2003/2/RM

Each oil quantity indicating means must be marked to indicate the quantity of oil readily and accurately.

CS 25.1553 Fuel quantity indicator

ED Decision 2003/2/RM

If the unusable fuel supply for any tank exceeds 3.8 l (one gallon), or 5% of the tank capacity, whichever is greater, a red arc must be marked on its indicator extending from the calibrated zero reading to the lowest reading obtainable in level flight.

CS 25.1555 Control markings

ED Decision 2003/2/RM

(a) Each cockpit control, other than primary flight controls and controls whose function is obvious, must be plainly marked as to its function and method of operation.

(b) Each aerodynamic control must be marked under the requirements of CS 25.677 and 25.699.

(c) For powerplant fuel controls –

(1) Each fuel tank selector control must be marked to indicate the position corresponding to each tank and to each existing cross feed position;

(2) If safe operation requires the use of any tanks in a specific sequence, that sequence must be marked on, or adjacent to, the selector for those tanks; and

(3) Each valve control for each engine must be marked to indicate the position corresponding to each engine controlled.

(d) For accessory, auxiliary, and emergency controls –

(1) Each emergency control (including each fuel jettisoning and fluid shutoff control) must be coloured red; and

(2) Each visual indicator required by CS 25.729(e) must be marked so that the pilot can determine at any time when the wheels are locked in either extreme position, if retractable landing gear is used.

CS 25.1557 Miscellaneous markings and placards

ED Decision 2016/010/R

(See AMC 25.1557)

(a) Baggage and cargo compartments and ballast location. Each baggage and cargo compartment, and each ballast location must have a placard stating any limitations on contents, including weight, that are necessary under the loading requirements. However, underseat compartments designed for the storage of carry-on articles weighing not more than 9 kg (20 lb) need not have a loading limitation placard. (See AMC 25.1557(a).)

(b) Powerplant fluid filler openings. The following apply:

(1) Fuel filler openings must be marked at or near the filler cover with –

(i)  The word ‘fuel’;

(ii) Reserved.

(iii) The permissible fuel designations; and

(iv) For pressure fuelling systems, the maximum permissible fuelling supply pressure and the maximum permissible defuelling pressure.

(2) Oil filler openings must be marked at or near the filler cover with the word ‘oil’.

(3) Augmentation fluid filler openings must be marked at or near the filler cover to identify the required fluid.

(c) Emergency exit placards. Each emergency exit placard must meet the requirements of CS 25.811.

(d) Doors. Each door that must be used in order to reach any required emergency exit must have a suitable placard stating that the door is to be latched in the open position during take-off and landing.

[Amdt 25/18]

AMC 25.1557(a) Baggage and Cargo Compartment and Ballast Location

ED Decision 2003/2/RM

If baggage, cargo compartment and ballast location limitations are complex and involve, for example, additional limitations on loading intensity and distribution, it is acceptable to provide a placard making reference to the appropriate document.

CS 25.1561 Safety equipment

ED Decision 2003/2/RM

(a) Each safety equipment control to be operated by the crew in emergency, such as controls for automatic liferaft releases, must be plainly marked as to its method of operation.

(b) Each location, such as a locker or compartment, that carries any fire extinguishing, signalling, or other lifesaving equipment must be marked accordingly.

(c) Stowage provisions for required emergency equipment must be conspicuously marked to identify the contents and facilitate the easy removal of the equipment.

(d) Each liferaft must have obviously marked operating instructions.

(e) Approved survival equipment must be marked for identification and method of operation.

CS 25.1563 Airspeed placard

ED Decision 2003/2/RM

A placard showing the maximum airspeeds for wingflap extension for the take-off, approach, and landing positions must be installed in clear view of each pilot.