FCL.720.H Experience requirements and prerequisites for the issue of type ratings – helicopters

Regulation (EU) 2021/2227

Unless otherwise determined in the operational suitability data established in accordance with Annex I (Part 21) to Commission Regulation (EU) No 748/2012, an applicant for the issue of the first helicopter type rating shall comply with the following experience requirements and prerequisites for the issue of the relevant rating:

(a) Multi-pilot helicopters. An applicant for a type rating for a multi-pilot helicopter type shall, before starting the type rating training course:

(1) have at least 70 hours as PIC on helicopters;

(2) except when the type rating course is combined with an MCC course:

(i) hold a certificate of satisfactory completion of an MCC course in helicopters; or

(ii) have completed at least 500 hours of flight time as a pilot in multi-pilot operations in any aircraft category.

(3) have passed the ATPL(H) theoretical knowledge examinations.

(b) A graduate from an ATP(H)/IR, ATP(H), CPL(H)/IR or CPL(H) integrated course who does not comply with the requirement of point (a)(1), shall be entitled to undergo the type rating training course for a multi-pilot helicopter type rating and shall have the type rating issued with the privileges limited to exercising functions as co-pilot only. The limitation shall be removed once the pilot has complied with all of the following:

(1) completed 70 hours as PIC or pilot-in-command under supervision of helicopters;

(2) passed the multi-pilot skill test on the applicable helicopter type as PIC.

(c) Multi-engine helicopters. An applicant for the issue of a first type rating for a multi-engine helicopter shall:

(1) before starting flight training:

(i) have passed the ATPL(H) theoretical knowledge examinations; or

(ii) hold a certificate of completion of a pre-entry course conducted by an ATO. The course shall cover the following subjects of the ATPL(H) theoretical knowledge course:

             Aircraft General Knowledge: airframe/systems/power plant, and instrument/electronics,

             Flight Performance and Planning: mass and balance, performance;

(2) in the case of applicants who have not completed an ATP(H)/IR, ATP(H), or CPL(H)/IR integrated training course, have completed at least 70 hours as PIC on helicopters.

FCL.735.H Multi-crew cooperation training course – helicopters

Regulation (EU) No 1178/2011

(a) The MCC training course shall comprise at least:

(1) for MCC/IR:

(i) 25 hours of theoretical knowledge instruction and exercises; and

(ii) 20 hours of practical MCC training or 15 hours, in the case of student pilots attending an ATP(H)/IR integrated course. When the MCC training is combined with the initial type rating training for a multi-pilot helicopter, the practical MCC training may be reduced to not less than 10 hours if the same FSTD is used for both MCC and type rating;

(2) for MCC/VFR:

(i) 25 hours of theoretical knowledge instruction and exercises; and

(ii) 15 hours of practical MCC training or 10 hours, in the case of student pilots attending an ATP(H)/IR integrated course. When the MCC training is combined with the initial type rating training for a multi-pilot helicopter, the practical MCC training may be reduced to not less than 7 hours if the same FSTD is used for both MCC and type rating.

(b) The MCC training course shall be completed within 6 months at an ATO.

An FNPT II or III qualified for MCC, an FTD 2/3 or an FFS shall be used.

(c) Unless the MCC course has been combined with a multi-pilot type rating course, on completion of the MCC training course the applicant shall be given a certificate of completion.

(d) An applicant having completed MCC training for any other category of aircraft shall be exempted from the requirement in (a)(1)(i) or (a)(2)(i), as applicable.

(e) An applicant for MCC/IR training who has completed MCC/VFR training shall be exempted from the requirement in (a)(1)(i), and shall complete 5 hours of practical MCC/IR training.

AMC1 FCL.735.A; FCL.735.H; FCL.735.As Multi-crew cooperation (MCC) training course

ED Decision 2020/005/R

(a) Competency is a combination of knowledge, skills and attitudes required to perform a task to the prescribed standard.

(b) The objectives of MCC training are to develop the technical and non-technical components of the knowledge, skills and attitudes required to operate a multicrew aircraft.

(c) Training should comprise both theoretical and practical elements and be designed to achieve the competencies/training objectives (see Table 1 below).

Table 1 — Competencies/training objectives

Competency/ objective

Performance indicators

Knowledge

Practical exercises

Communication

(a) Know what, how much and who to communicate to;

(b) Ensure the recipient is ready and able to receive the information;

(c) Pass messages and information clearly, accurately, timely and adequately;

(d) Check if the other person has the correct understanding when passing important information;

(e) Listen actively, patiently and demonstrate understanding when receiving information;

(f) Ask relevant and effective questions, and offer suggestions;

(g) Use appropriate body language, eye contact and tone;

(h) Open and receptive to other people’s view.

(a) Human Factors, TEM and CRM;

(b) Application of TEM and CRM principles to training.

In a commercial air transport environment, apply multi-crew procedures, including principles of TEM and CRM to the following:

(a) Pre-flight preparation:

(1) FMS initialisation;

(2) radio and navigation equipment preparation;

(3) flight documentation;

(4) computation of take-off performance data.

(b) Take-off and climb:

(1) before take-off checks;

(2) normal take-offs;

(3) rejected take-offs;

(4) take-offs with abnormal and emergency situations included.

(c) Cruise: emergency descent.

(d) Descent and approach:

(1) instrument flight procedures;

(2) holding;

(3) 3D Operations using raw data;

(4) 3D Operations using flight director;

(5) 3D Operations using autopilot;

(6) one-engine-inoperative approach;

(7) 2D Operations and circling;

(8) computation of approach and landing data;

(9) all engines go-around;

(10) go-around with one engine inoperative;

(11) wind shear during approach.

(e) landing: transition from instrument to visual flight on reaching decision altitude or height or minimum descent altitude or height;

(f) after landing and post flight procedures;

(g) selected emergency and abnormal procedures.

Leadership and team working

(a) Friendly, enthusiastic, motivating and considerate of others;

(b) Use initiative, give direction and take responsibility when required;

(c) Open and honest about thoughts, concerns and intentions;

(d) Give and receive criticism and praise well, and admit mistakes;

(e) Confidently do and say what is important to him or her;

(f) Demonstrate respect and tolerance towards other people;

(g) Involve others in planning and share activities fairly.

 

Situational awareness

(a) Be aware of what the aircraft and its systems are doing;

(b) Be aware of where the aircraft is and its environment;

(c) Keep track of time and fuel;

(d) Be aware of the condition of people involved in the operation including passengers;

(e) Recognise what is likely to happen, plan and stay ahead of the game;

(f) Develop what-if scenarios and make pre-decisions;

(g) Identify threats to the safety of the aircraft and of the people.

 

Workload management

(a) Be calm, relaxed, careful and not impulsive;

(b) Prepare, prioritise and schedule tasks effectively;

(c) Use time efficiently when carrying out tasks;

(d) Offer and accept assistance, delegate when necessary and ask for help early;

(e) Review and monitor and cross-check actions conscientiously;

(f) Follow procedures appropriately and consistently;

(g) Concentrate on one thing at a time, ensure tasks are completed and does not become distracted;

(h) Carry out instructions as directed.

 

Problem-solving and decision-making

(a) Identify and verify why things have gone wrong and do not jump to conclusions or make assumptions;

(b) Seek accurate and adequate information from appropriate resources;

(c) Persevere in working through a problem;

(d) Use and agree an appropriate decision making process;

(e) Agree essential and desirable criteria and prioritises;

(f) Consider as many options as practicable;

(g) Make decisions when they need to, reviews and changes if required;

(h) Consider risks but do not take unnecessary risks.

 

Monitoring and cross‑checking

(a) Monitor and cross-checks all actions;

(b) Monitor aircraft trajectory in critical flight phases;

(c) Take appropriate actions in response to deviations from the flight path.

(a) SOPs;

(b) Aircraft systems;

(c) Undesired aircraft states.

Task sharing

(a) Apply SOPs in both PF and pilot monitoring (PM) roles;

(b) Makes and responds to standard call-outs.

(a) PF and PM roles;

(b) SOPs.

Use of checklists

Utilise checklists appropriately according to SOPs.

(a) SOPs;

(b) Checklist philosophy.

Briefings

Prepare and deliver appropriate briefings.

(a) SOPs;

(b) Interpretation of FMS data and in-flight documentation.

Flight management

(a) Maintain a constant awareness of the aircraft automation state;

(b) Manage automation to achieve optimum trajectory and minimum workload;

(c) Take effective recovery actions from automation anomalies;

(d) Manage aircraft navigation, terrain clearance;

(e) Manage aircraft fuel state and take appropriate actions.

(a) Understanding of aircraft performance and configuration;

(b) Systems;

(c) SOPs;

(d) Interpretation of FMS data and in-flight documentation;

(e) Minimum terrain clearance;

(f) Fuel management IFR and VFR regulation.

FMS use

Programme, manage and monitor FMS in accordance with SOPs.

(a) Systems (FMS);

(b) SOPs;

(c) Automation.

Systems normal operations

Perform and monitor normal systems operation in accordance with SOPs.

(a) Systems;

(b) SOPs.

Systems abnormal and emergency operations

(a) Perform and monitor abnormal systems operation in accordance with SOPs;

(b) Utilise electronic and paper abnormal checklists in accordance with SOPs.

(a) Systems;

(b) SOPs;

(c) Emergency and abnormal procedures and checklists;

(d) Recall items.

Environment, weather and ATC

(a) Communicate effectively with ATC;

(b) Avoid misunderstandings by requesting clarification;

(c) Adhere to ATC instructions;

(d) Construct a mental model of the local ATC and weather environment.

(a) Systems;

(b) SOPs;

(c) ATC environment and phraseology;

(d) Procedures for hazardous weather conditions.

CERTIFICATE OF COMPLETION FORM

CERTIFICATE OF COMPLETION OF MCC

Applicant's last name(s):

 

First name(s):

 

Type of licence:

 

Number:

State:

ME/IR training completed

 

OR

ME/IR validity date:

ME/IR skill test date:

 

Issued on:

 

 

passed on:

 

 

Signature of applicant:

 

The satisfactory completion of MCC-Training according to requirements is certified below:

TRAINING

Multi-crew co-operation training received during period:

from:

to:

at:

ATO / operator*

Location and date:

Signature of head of ATO or authorised instructor*:

 

Type and number of licence and state of issue:

 

 

Name(s) in capital letters of authorised instructor:

 

* Delete as appropriate

FCL.740.H Revalidation of type ratings – helicopters

Regulation (EU) No 1178/2011

(a) Revalidation. For revalidation of type ratings for helicopters, the applicant shall:

(1) pass a proficiency check in accordance with Appendix 9 to this Part in the relevant type of helicopter or an FSTD representing that type within the 3 months immediately preceding the expiry date of the rating; and

(2) complete at least 2 hours as a pilot of the relevant helicopter type within the validity period of the rating. The duration of the proficiency check may be counted towards the 2 hours.

(3) When applicants hold more than 1 type rating for single-engine piston helicopters, they may achieve revalidation of all the relevant type ratings by completing the proficiency check in only 1 of the relevant types held, provided that they have completed at least 2 hours of flight time as PIC on the other types during the validity period.

The proficiency check shall be performed each time on a different type.

(4) When applicants hold more than 1 type rating for single-engine turbine helicopters with a maximum certificated take-off mass up to 3175 kg, they may achieve revalidation of all the relevant type ratings by completing the proficiency check in only 1 of the relevant types held, provided that they have completed:

(i) 300 hours as PIC on helicopters;

(ii) 15 hours on each of the types held; and

(iii) at least 2 hours of PIC flight time on each of the other types during the validity period.

The proficiency check shall be performed each time on a different type.

(5) A pilot who successfully completes a skill test for the issue of an additional type rating shall achieve revalidation for the relevant type ratings in the common groups, in accordance with (3) and (4).

(6) The revalidation of an IR(H), if held, may be combined with a proficiency check for a type rating.

(b) An applicant who fails to achieve a pass in all sections of a proficiency check before the expiry date of a type rating shall not exercise the privileges of that rating until a pass in the proficiency check has been achieved. In the case of (a)(3) and (4), the applicant shall not exercise his/her privileges in any of the types.

CREDITING OF THE PROFICIENCY CHECK TOWARDS SEP HELICOPTER TYPES

Only the following SEP helicopter types can be considered for crediting of the proficiency check. Other SEP helicopters (for example, R22) should not be given credit for.

Manufacturer

SEP Helicopter type

Agusta-Bell

Bell47

Bell Helicopters

Bell47

Westland

Bell47

Brantley

Brantley B2

Enstrom

ENF28

Hélicoptères Guimbal

Cabri G2

Hiller

UH12

Robinson

R44

Hughes or Schweizer

HU269

Breda Nardi

HU269